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WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 692 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WILSON, See also:ALEXANDER (1766-1813) , See also:American ornithologist, was See also:born in See also:Paisley, See also:Scotland, on the 6th of See also:July 1766. His See also:father, a handloom See also:weaver, soon removed to the See also:country, and there combined See also:weaving with See also:agriculture, distilling and See also:smuggling —conditions which no doubt helped to develop in the boy that love of rural pursuits and See also:adventure which was to determine his career. At first he was placed with a See also:tutor and destined for the See also:church, but afterwards he was apprenticed as a weaver. Then he became a peddler and spent a See also:year or two in travelling through Scotland, recording in his See also:journal every See also:matter of natural See also:history or antiquarian See also:interest. Having incurred a See also:short imprisonment for lampooning the See also:master-weavers in a See also:trade dispute, he emigrated to See also:America in 1794. After a few years of weaving, peddling and desultory observation, he became a See also:village schoolmaster, and in 1802 obtained an See also:appointment near See also:Philadelphia, where he formed the acquaintance of See also:William Bartram the naturalist. Under his See also:influence Wilson began to draw birds, having conceived the See also:idea of illustrating the See also:ornithology of the See also:United States; and thenceforward he steadily accumulated materials and made many expeditions. In 18o6 he obtained the assistant-editorship of the American edition of See also:Rees's See also:Encyclopaedia, and thus acquired more means and leisure for his See also:great See also:work, American Ornithology, the first See also:volume of which appeared in the autumn of 18o8, after which he spent the See also:winter in a See also:journey" in See also:search of birds and sub-scribers." By the See also:spring of 1813 seven volumes had appeared; but the arduous expedition of that summer, in search of the marine waterfowl to which the remaining volume was to be devoted, gave a See also:shock to his already impaired See also:health, and he succumbed to See also:dysentery at Philadelphia on the 23rd of See also:August 1813. Of his poems, not excepting the Foresters (Philadelphia, 1805), nothing need now be said, See also:save that they no doubt served to develop his descriptive See also:powers. The eighth and ninth volumes of the American Ornithology were edited after his decease by his friend See also:George Ord, and the work was continued by Lucien See also:Bonaparte (4 vols., Philadelphia, 1825-1833). The See also:complete work was re-published several times, and has See also:Miscellaneous See also:Prose See also:Works and Poems was edited with a memoir by the Rev. A.

B. See also:

Grosart (Paisley, 1876). A statue was erected to him at Paisley in 1876.

End of Article: WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)

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