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See also:NORTHUMBERLAND, See also:JOHN See also:DUDLEY, See also:VISCOUNT See also:LISLE, See also:EARL OF See also:WARWICK , and See also:DUKE OF (c. 1502-1553), was the eldest son of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry VII.'s extortionate See also:minister, See also:Edmund Dudley (q.v.), by his second wife See also:Elizabeth, daughter of See also:Edward See also:Grey, Viscount Lisle, and co-heiress of her See also:brother John, Viscount Lisle. He was probably descended from the old baronial See also:house of See also:Sutton See also:alias Dudley; but his See also:father's See also:- ATTAINDER (from the O. Fr. ataindre, ateindre, to attain, i.e. to strike, accuse, condemn; Lat. attingere, tangere, to touch; the meaning has been greatly affected by the confusion with Fr. taindre, teindre, to taint, stain, Lat. tingere, to dye)
attainder and See also:execution
in 1509 clouded his prospects. His See also:mother, however, married as her second See also:husband in 1511 See also:Arthur See also:Plantagenet, the illegitimate son of Edward IV., who in 1523 was created Viscount Lisle in his wife's right; and Lisle's rise in Henry VIII.'s favour brought See also:young Dudley into prominence. In 1512 he was restored in See also:blood and in 1538 he was made See also:deputy to his step-father, who was See also:governor of See also:Calais, and he does not appear to have suffered by Lisle's temporary disgrace and imprisonment in the See also:Tower. Lisle died See also:early in 1542 and Dudley was created Viscount Lisle on the 12th of See also:March and was made See also:warden of the Scottish See also:marches in See also:November, and See also:lord high See also:admiral of See also:England in 1543 in See also:succession to his future See also:rival, Edward See also:Seymour, earl of See also:Hertford. He was also created a See also:knight of the garter and sworn of the privy See also:council on the 23rd of See also:April 1543. In 1544 he accompanied Hertford to the See also:capture and burning of See also:Edinburgh. On the capture of See also:Boulogne in See also:September Lisle was given command of the See also:town and of the Boulonnais; in 1J45 he directed the operations of the See also:fleet in the See also:Solent which foiled the See also:French attack on See also:Portsmouth and the Isle of See also:Wight; and he was sent to See also:Paris to ratify the See also:peace concluded in 1546.
Lisle had thrown in his See also:lot with the reforming party, and he took an active See also:share in the struggle at Henry VIIL's See also:court for See also:control of affairs when Henry should See also:die. Hertford and he were described by the See also:Spanish See also:ambassador as holding the highest places in Henry VIII.'s affections and as being the only noblemen of See also:fit See also:age and ability to carry on the See also:government. 'fhe Howards were infuriated by the prospect, and See also:Surrey's hasty See also:temper ruined their prospects. Lisle quarrelled bitterly with See also:Bishop See also:Gardiner, served as See also:commissioner at Surrey's trial, and was nominated one of the See also:body of executors to Henry's will from which See also:Norfolk and Gardiner were excluded. On Henry's See also:death Lisle was raised to the earldom of Warwick and promoted to be lord See also:great See also:- CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
- CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
- CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
- CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)
chamberlain of England, again in succession to Hertford, who became duke of See also:Somerset and See also:Protector. But he was not See also:long content with Somerset's superiority, though he concealed his resentment and ambition for the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time. He accompanied Somerset on his Pinkie See also:campaign, and materially contributed to the winning of that victory. Nor did he exhibit any sympathy with the intrigues of the Protector's brother, See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas Seymour, the lord high admiral; his subtler policy was to exasperate the See also:brothers and thus weaken the See also:influence of the house of Seymour. He took a leading See also:part in the proceedings which brought the admiral to the See also:block in riarch 1549; and then used the Protector's social policy to bring about his deposition. Warwick, like most of the privy council, detested Somerset's ideas of See also:liberty and his championship of the peasantry against the See also:inclosure See also:movement; one of his own parks was ploughed up as a result of a See also:commission of inquiry which Somerset appointed; and when the peasants rebelled under Kett, Warwick gladly took the command against them. His victory at Dussindale made him the See also:hero of the landed gentry, and as soon as he had returned to See also:London in September 1549, he organized the See also:general discontent with the Protector's policy into a See also:conspiracy. He played upon the prejudices of Protestants and Catholics alike, holding out to one the prospect of more vigorous reform and to the other hopes of a See also:Catholic restoration, and to all gentry the promise of revenge upon the peasants.
The See also:coalition thus created effected Somerset's deposition and imprisonment in See also:October 1549; and the See also:parliament which met in November carried See also:measures of See also:political See also:coercion and social reaction. But the coalition split upon the religious question. Warwick threw over the Catholics and expelled them from See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office and from the privy council, and the hopes they entertained were rudely dashed to the ground. But it was difficult to combine coercion of the Catholics with the proscription of Somerset; the duke was therefore released early in 155o and restored to the privy council; and his daughter was married to Warwick's son. Warwick himself assumed no position of superiority over his colleagues, and he was never made protector. But he gradually packed the council with his supporters, andexcluded his enemies from office and from See also:access to the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king. His See also:plan was to dominate Edward's mind, and then See also:release him from the trammels of royal minority. He abandoned the Tudor designs on See also:Scotland, and made a peace with See also:France in 1550 by which it recovered Boulogne and was See also:left See also:free to pursue its See also:advantage in Scotland. Nor did the See also:betrothal of Edward to Henry's daughter Elizabeth prevent the French king from intriguing to undermine See also:English influence in See also:Ireland. In domestic affairs See also:War,. ick pushed on the See also:Reformation with none of the moderation shown by Somerset; and the difference between the two policies is illustrated by the See also:change effected between the first and second Books of See also:Common See also:Prayer. War-See also:wick, however, was widely distrusted; and the more arbitrary his government See also:grew, the more dangerous became Somerset's rivalry. A See also:parliamentary movement had early been started for Somerset's restoration. Warwick therefore kept parliament from See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting, and the consequent lack of supplies drove him into the seizure of See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church See also:plate, See also:sale of See also:chantry lands, and other violent See also:financial expedients. At length he resolved to get rid of his opponent; his opposition was magnified into conspiracy, and in October 1551, after Warwick had made himself duke of Northumberland and his ally See also:Dorset, duke of See also:Suffolk, and had scattered other rewards among his humbler followers, Somerset was arrested, condemned by the peers on a See also:charge of See also:- FELONY (0. Fr. felonie, from felon, a word meaning " wicked," common to Romanic languages, cf. Italian fella, fellone, the ultimate origin of which is obscure, but is possibly connected either with Lat. fel, gall, or fallere, to deceive. The English " fel
felony, and executed on the 22nd of See also:January 1552.
Parliament was permitted to meet on the following See also:day, but for the next eighteen months Northumberland grew more and more unpopular. He saw that his See also:life was safe only so long as he controlled the government and prevented the See also:administration of See also:justice. But Edward VI. was slowly dying, and Northumberland's See also:plot to alter the succession was his last desperate bid for life and See also:power. Its folly was almost delirious. Edward had no legal authority to exclude See also:Mary, and the nation was at least nine-tenths in her favour. Northumberland bullied the council and overawed London for a few days; but the See also:rest of England was in an uproar, and as he rode out to take the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field against Mary, not a soul cried " See also:God See also:speed." A few days later he re-turned as Mary's prisoner. He was tried for See also:treason, professed himself a Catholic in the delusive See also:hope of See also:pardon, and was executed on the 22nd of See also:August. He was a competent soldier and one of the subtlest intriguers in English See also:history; but he had no principles. He was, says a contemporary French See also:account, " de See also:parole affable, se composant a gracieusite et doulceur, mais au dedans felon, orgueilieux, vindicatif s'il en fut jamais." The violence of his See also:rule and of his pretended Protestantism was largely responsible for the reaction of Mary's reign. His best-known son was See also:Robert Dudley, earl of See also:Leicester, See also:Queen Elizabeth's favourite.
See Letters and Papers of Henry VIII. ; See also:State Papers, Domestic and See also:Foreign, Edward VI. and Mary; MS. 15,888, Bibliotheque Nationale de France; G. E. C(okayne), See also:Complete See also:Peerage; A. F. See also:Pollard, England under Somerset (1900), Life of See also:Cranmer (1904) and vol. vi. of the Political History of England (191o). (A. F.
End of Article: NORTHUMBERLAND, JOHN DUDLEY, VISCOUNT LISLE, EARL OF WARWICK
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