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See also:SUFFOLK, See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
WILLIAM DE LA See also:POLE , DuiE or (1396–1450), second son of See also:Michael de la Pole, second See also:earl of Suffolk, was See also:born on the 16th of See also:October 1396. His See also:father died at the See also:siege of See also:Harfleur, and his See also:elder See also:brother was killed at See also:Agincourt on the 25th of October 1415. Suffolk served in all the later See also:French See also:campaigns of the reign of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry V., and in spite of his youth held high command on the See also:marches of See also:Normandy in 1421–22. In 1423 he joined the earl of See also:Salisbury in See also:Champagne, and shared his victory at Crevant. He fought under See also:John, See also:duke of See also:Bedford, at See also:Verneuil on the 17th of See also:August 1424, and throughout the next four years was Salisbury's See also:chief See also:lieutenant in the direction of the See also:war. When Salisbury was killed before See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans on the 3rd of See also:November 1428, Suffolk succeeded to the command. After the siege was raised, Suffolk was defeated and taken prisoner by Jeanne d'Arc at Jargeau on the 12th of See also:June 1429. He was soon ransomed, and during the next two years was again in command on the See also:Norman frontier. He returned to See also:England in November 1431, after over fourteen Years' continuous service in the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field.
Suffolk had already been employed on See also:diplomatic See also:missions by John of Bedford, and from this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time forward he had an important See also:share in the See also:work of See also:administration. He attached himself naturally to See also:Cardinal See also:Beaufort, and even thus See also:early seems to have been striving for a See also:general See also:peace. But public See also:opinion in England was not yet ripe, and the unsuccessful See also:conference at See also:Arras, with the consequent defection of See also:Burgundy, strengthened the war party. Nevertheless the cardinal's authority remained supreme in the See also:council, and. Suffolk, as his chief supporter, gained increasing See also:influence. The question of Henry VI.'s See also:marriage brought him to the front. See also:Humphrey of See also:Gloucester favoured an See also:Armagnac See also:alliance. Suffolk brought about the match with See also:Margaret of See also:Anjou. See also:Report already represented Suffolk as too friendly with French leaders like
See also:Charles of Orleans, and it was with reluctance that he undertook the responsibility of an See also:embassy to See also:France. However, when he. returned to England in June 1444, after negotiating the marriage and a two years' truce, he received a triumphant reception. He was made a See also:marquess; and in the autumn sent again to France to bring Margaret See also:home. The French contrived to find occasion for extorting a promise to surrender all the See also:English possessions in Anjou and See also:Maine, a concession that was to prove fatal to Suffolk and his policy. Still for the time his success was See also:complete, and his position as the See also:personal friend of the See also:young See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king and See also:queen seemed secure. Humphrey of Gloucester died. in See also:February 1447, within a few days of his See also:arrest, and six See also:weeks later Cardinal Beaufort died also. Suffolk was See also:left without an obvious See also:rival, but his difficulties were See also:great. Rumour, though without sufficient See also:reason, made him responsible for Humphrey's See also:death, while the peace and its consequent concessions rendered him unpopular. So also did the supersession of See also:Richard of See also:York by See also:Edmund Beaufort, duke of See also:Somerset, in the French command. Suffolk's promotion to a dukedom in See also:July 1448, marked the height of his See also:power. The difficulties of his position may have led him to give some countenance to a treacherous attack on See also:Fougeres during the time of truce (See also:March 1449). The renewal of the war and the loss of all Normandy were its See also:direct consequences. When See also:parliament met in November 1449, the opposition showed its strength by forcing the treasurer, See also:Adam See also:Molyneux, to resign. Molyneux was murdered by the sailors at See also:Portsmouth on the 9th of See also:January 1450. Suffolk, realizing that an attack on himself was inevitable, boldly challenged his enemies in parliament, appealing to the See also:long and See also:honourable See also:record of his public services. On the 7th of February and again on the 9th of March the See also:Commons presented articles of See also:accusation dealing chiefly with alleged maladministration and the See also:ill success of the French policy; there was a See also:charge of aiming at the See also:throne by the See also:betrothal of his son to the little Margaret Beaufort, but no See also:suggestion of See also:guilt concerning the death of Gloucester. The articles were in great See also:part baseless, if not absurd. Suffolk, in his See also:defence on the 13th of March, denied them as false, untrue and too horrible to speak more of. Ultimately, as a sort of See also:compromise, the king sentenced him to banishment for five years.
Suffolk left England on the 1st of May, He was intercepted in the Channel by the See also:ship " See also:Nicholas of the See also:Tower,
and next See also:morning was beheaded in a little See also:boat alongside. The " Nicholas " was a royal ship, and Suffolk's See also:murder was probably instigated by his See also:political opponents.
Popular opinion at the time judged Suffolk as a traitor. This view was accepted by Yorkist chroniclers and Tudor historians, who had no reason to speak well of a Pole. Later See also:legend made him the paramour of Margaret of Anjou. Though utterly baseless, the See also:story gained currency in the Mirrour for ifagistraces, and was adopted in See also:Shakespeare's 2 Henry VI. (See also:act III. sc. ii.). Suffolk's best defence is contained in the touching See also:letter of farewell to his son, written on the See also:eve of his departure (See also:Easton Letters, i. 142), and in his See also:noble speeches before parliament (Rolls of Parliament, v. 176, 182). Of the former See also:Lingard said well that it is " difficult to believe. that the writer could have been either a false subject or a See also:bad See also:man. " The policy of peace which Suffolk pursued was just and See also:wise; he foresaw from the first the personal See also:risk to which its advocacy exposed him. This alone should acquit him of any See also:base See also:motive; his conduct was " throughout open and straightforward " (See also:Stubbs). What-ever his defects as a statesman, he was a gallant soldier, a man of culture and a loyal servant.
Suffolk's wife, Alice, was widow of See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas, earl of Salisbury, and granddaughter of See also:Geoffrey See also:Chaucer. By her he had an only son John, second duke of Suffolk.
France). For See also:modern accounts see especially W. Stubbs, Constitutional See also:History (favourable), The Political History of England (1906), vol. iv., by C. See also:Oman (unfavourable), and G. du Fresne de Beau-See also:court's Histoire de Charles VII. See also H. A. See also:Napier's See also:Historical Notices of Swincombe and Ewelme (1858). (C. L.
End of Article: SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE
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