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See also:CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN See also:LUDWIG; in See also:Rum. See also:CAROL) , See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Rumania (1839– ), second son of See also:Prince Karl Anton of See also:Hohenzollern-See also:Sigmaringen, was See also:born on the loth of See also:April 1839. He was educated at See also:Dresden (1850–1856), and passed through his university course at See also:Bonn. Entering the Prussian See also:army in 1857, he won considerable distinction in the Danish See also:war of 1864, and received instruction in See also:strategy from See also:General von See also:Moltke. He afterwards travelled in See also:France, See also:Italy, See also:Spain and See also:Algeria. He was a See also:captain in the 2nd See also:regiment of Prussian See also:Dragoon See also:Guards when he was elected See also:hospodar or prince of Rumania on the loth of April 1866, after the compulsory See also:abdication of Prince See also:Alexander See also:John See also:Cuza. Regarded at first with distrust by See also:Turkey, See also:Russia and See also:Austria, he succeeded in gaining general recognition in six months; but he had to See also:con-tend for ten years with fierce party struggles between the Conservatives and the Liberals.
During this See also:period, however, Charles displayed See also:great tact in his dealings with both parties, and kept his See also:country in the path of administrative and economic reform, organizing the army, developing the See also:railways, and establishing commercial relations with See also:foreign See also:powers. The sympathy of Rumania with France in the Franco-Prussian War of 187o, and the consequent interruption of certain commercial undertakings, led to a hostile See also:movement against Prince Charles, which, being fostered by Russia, made him resolve to abdicate; and it was with difficulty that he was persuaded to remain. In the Russo-See also:Turkish Warof 1877–78 he joined the Russians before See also:Plevna (q.v.), and being placed in command of ' the combined See also:Russian and Rumanian forces, forced See also:Osman See also:Pasha to surrender. As a con-sequence of the prince's vigorous See also:action the See also:independence of Rumania, which had been proclaimed in May 1877, was con-firmed by various See also:treaties in 1878, and recognized by Great See also:Britain, France and See also:Germany in 1880. On the 26th of See also:March 1881 he was proclaimed king of Rumania, and, with his See also:consort, was crowned on the 22nd of May following. From that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he pursued a successful career in See also:home and foreign policy, and greatly improved the See also:financial amd military position of his country; while his appreciation of the See also:fine arts was shown by his formation of an important collection of paintings of all See also:schools in his palaces at Sinala and See also:Bucharest. For a detailed See also:account of his reign, see RUMANIA. On the 1st of See also:November 1869 he married Princess See also:Elizabeth (q.v.), a daughter of Prince See also:Hermann of Wied, widely known under her See also:literary name of " Carmen Sylva." As the only See also:child of the See also:marriage, a daughter, died in 1874, the See also:succession was finally settled upon the king's See also:nephew, Prince See also:Ferdinand of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, who was created prince of Rumania on the 18th of March 1889, and married, on the loth of See also:January 1893, Princess See also:Marie, daughter of See also:Alfred, See also:duke of See also:Saxe-See also:Coburg, their See also:children being Prince Carol (b. 1893) and Princess Elizabeth (b. 1894).
The See also:official See also:life of King Charles, mainly his own See also:composition, Aus dem Leben See also:Konig Karls von Rumanien (See also:Stuttgart, 1894—1900, 4 vols.),'deals mainly with See also:political See also:history. See for an account of his domestic life, M. Kremnitz, Konig Karl von Rumanien. Ein Lebensbild (See also:Breslau, 1903).
End of Article: CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
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