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MARIE DE' See also:MEDICI (1573-1642), See also:queen See also:consort and queen See also:regent of See also:France, daughter of See also:Francis de' Medici, See also:grand See also:duke of See also:Tuscany, and See also:Joanna, an See also:Austrian archduchess, was See also:born in See also:Florence on the 26th of See also:April 1573. After Joanna's See also:death in 1578 duke Francis married the notorious Bianca Capello, and the grand-ducal See also:children were brought up away from their See also:father at the Pitti See also:Palace in Florence, where after the death of her See also:brother and See also:sister and the See also:marriage of her See also:elder sister Eleonora, duchess of See also:Mantua, a See also:companion was chosen for Marie, this being Leonora Dori, afterwards known as Leonora Galigal. She received a See also:good See also:education in See also:company with her See also:half-brother See also:Antonio. After many projects of marriage for Marie had failed See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry IV. of France, who was under See also:great monetary obligations to the See also:house of Medici, offered himself as a suitor although his marriage with See also:Marguerite de See also:Valois was not yet dissolved; but the marriage was not celebrated until See also:October 1600. Her eldest son, the future See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XIII., was born at See also:Fontainebleau in See also:September of the next See also:year; the other children who survived were Gaston duke of See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans; See also:Elizabeth queen of See also:Spain; Christine duchess of See also:Savoy; and Henrietta Maria queen of See also:England. During her See also:husband's lifetime Marie de' Medici showed little sign of See also:political See also:taste or ability; but after his See also:murder in 16ro when she became regent, she devoted herself to affairs with unfailing regularity and See also:developed an inherited See also:passion for See also:power. She gave her confidence chiefly to See also:Concini, the husband of Leonora Galigal, who squandered the public See also:money and secured a See also:series of important charges with the See also:title of Marechal d'Ancre. Under the regent's lax and capricious See also:rule the princes of the See also:blood and the great nobles of the See also:kingdom revolted; and the queen, too weak to assert her authority, consented at Sainte Menehould (May 15, 1614) to buy off the discontented princes. In 1616 her policy was strengthened by the See also:accession to her See also:councils of See also:Richelieu, who had come to the front at the See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting of the states See also:general in 1614 ; but Louis XIII., who was now sixteen years old, was determined to throw off the tutelage of his See also:mother and Concini. By his orders Concini was murdered, Leonora Galigal was tried for sorcery and beheaded, Richelieu was banished to his bishopric, and the queen was exiled to See also:Blois. After two years of virtual imprisonment she escaped in 1619 and became the centre of a new revolt. Louis XIII. easily dispersed the rebels, but through the See also:mediation of Richelieu was reconciled with his mother, who was allowed to hold a small See also:court at See also:Angers, and resumed her See also:place in the royal See also:council in 1621. But See also:differences between her and the See also:cardinal rapidly arose, and the queen mother intrigued to drive Richelieu again from court. For a single See also:day the journee See also:des dupes, the 12th of See also:November 163o, she seemed to have succeeded; but the See also:triumph of Richelieu was followedby her See also:- EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)
exile to See also:Compiegne, whence she escaped in 1631 to See also:Brussels. From that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time till her death at See also:Cologne on the 3rd of See also:July 1642 she intrigued in vain against the cardinal.
Among contemporary authorities for the See also:history of Marie de' Medici, see Mathieu de Morgues, Deux faces de la See also:vie et de la mort de Marie de Medicis (See also:Antwerp, 1643) ; J. B. Matthieu, Eloge historial de Marie de Medicis (See also:Paris, 1626) ; Florentin du Ruau, Le Tableau de la regence de Marie de Medicis (See also:Poitiers, 1615) ; F. E. See also:Mezeray, Histoire de la See also:mere et du fils, ou de Marie de Medicis et de Louis XIII. (Amster-See also:dam, 1730) ; and A. P. See also:Lord, The Regency of Marie de Medicis (See also:London, 1904). For the political history see the See also:bibliographies to HENRY IV. and Lou1s XIII.
There are lives by Thiroux d'Arconville (3 vols., Paris, 1774) by See also:Miss J. S. H. See also:Pardoe (London, 1852, and again 189o); and by B. See also:Zeller, See also:Henri IV. et Marie de Medicis (Paris, 1877). There is a technical discussion of the causes of her death in A. See also:Masson's La Sorcellerie et la See also:science des poisons au xvii' siecle (Paris, 1904), and the Minutest details of her private See also:life are in L. Batiffol's La Vie intime d'une See also:rein de France (Paris, 1906; Eng. trans., 1908).
End of Article: MARIE
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