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See also:CHARLES [KARL See also:ALEXANDER] (1712-1780) , See also:prince of See also:Lorraine, was the youngest son of See also:Leopold, See also:duke of Lorraine, andgrandson of Charles V., duke of Lorraine (see above), the famous See also:general. He was See also:born at See also:Luneville on the 12th of See also:December 1712, and educated for a military careen After his See also:elder See also:brother See also:Francis, the duke, had exchanged Lorraine for See also:Tuscany and married Maria See also:Theresa, Charles became an See also:Austrian officer, and he served in the See also:campaigns of 1737 and 1738 against the See also:Turks. At the outbreak of the Silesian See also:wars in 1740 (see AUSTRIAN See also:SUCCESSION, See also:WAR OF THE), the See also:queen made her brother-in-See also:law a See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field See also:marshal, though he was not yet See also:thirty years old, and in 1742 Charles encountered See also:Frederick the See also:Great for the first See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time at the See also:battle of Chotusitz (May 17th). The victory of the Prussians on that field was far from decisive, and Charles See also:drew off his forces in See also:good See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order. His conduct of the successful See also:campaign of 1743 against the See also:French and Bavarians heightened his reputation. He married, in See also:January 1744, Marianne of See also:Austria, See also:sister of Maria Theresa, who made them jointly See also:governors-general of the Austrian See also:Netherlands. Very soon the war See also:broke out afresh, and, Charles, at the See also:head of the Austrian See also:army on the See also:Rhine, won great renown by his brilliant See also:crossing of the Rhine. Once more a Lorraine prince at the head of Austrian troops invaded the duchy and drove the French before him, but at this moment Frederick resumed the Silesian war, all available troops were called back to oppose him, and the French maintained their hold on Lorraine. Charles hurried to Bohemia, whence, aided by the See also:advice of the See also:veteran field marshal See also:Traun, he quickly expelled the Prussians. At the See also:close of his victorious campaign he received the See also:news that his wife, to whom he was deeply attached, had died in childbirth on the 16th of December 1744 at See also:Brussels. Hetook the field again in 1745 in See also:Silesia, but this time without the advice of Traun, and he was twice severely defeated by Frederick, at See also:Hohenfriedberg and at Soor. Subsequently, as See also:commander-in-See also:chief in the See also:Low Countries he received, at Roucoux, a heavy defeat at the hands of Marshal See also:Saxe. His See also:government of the Austrian Netherlands during the See also:peace of 1749–1756 was marked by many reforms, and the prince won the regard of the See also:people by his ceaseless activity on their behalf. After the first reverses of the Seven Years' War (q.v.), Maria Theresa called Charles again to the supreme command in the field. The campaign of 1757 opened with Frederick's great victory of See also:Prague, and Prince Charles was shut up with his army in that fortress. In the victory of the relieving army under See also:Daun at See also:Kolin Charles had no See also:part. Nevertheless the battle of See also:Breslau, in which the Prussians suffered a defeat even more serious than that of Kolin, was won by him, and great See also:enthusiasm was displayed in Austria over the victory, which seemed to be the final See also:blow to Frederick. But soon after-wards the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Prussia routed the French at See also:Rossbach, and, swiftly returning to Silesia, he inflicted on Charles the See also:complete and crushing defeat of See also:Leuthen (December 5, 1757). A See also:mere remnant of the Austrian army reassembled after the pursuit, and Charles was relieved of his command. He received, however, from the hands of the empress the See also:grand See also:cross. of the newly founded order of Maria Theresa. For a See also:year thereafter Prince Charles acted as a military adviser at See also:Vienna, he then returned to Brussels, where, during the See also:remainder of his See also:life, he continued to govern in the same liberal spirit as before. The See also:affection of the people for the prince was displayed, during his dangerous illness in 1765, and in 1775 the estates of See also:Brabant erected a statue in his See also:honour at Brussels. He died on the 4th of See also:July 1780 at the See also:castle of Tervoeren, and was buried with his Lorraine ancestors at See also:Nancy.
End of Article: CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
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