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NANCY

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 161 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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NANCY , a See also:

town of See also:north-eastern See also:France, the See also:capital formerly of the See also:province of See also:Lorraine, and now of the See also:department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, 219 M. E. of See also:Paris on the railway to See also:Strassburg. Pop. (1906), town, 98i302; See also:commune (including troops), 110,570. Nancy is situated on the See also:left See also:bank of the Meurthe 6 m. above its junction with the Moselle and on the See also:Marne-See also:Rhine See also:canal. The railway from Paris to Strassburg skirts the See also:city on the See also:south-See also:west See also:side; other See also:railways—to See also:Metz, to Epinal by Mirecourt, to See also:Chateau See also:Salins—join the See also:main See also:line near Nancy, and make it an important junction. The town consists of two portions—the Ville-Vieille in the north-west between the Cours See also:Leopold and the Pepiniere gardens, with narrow and winding streets, and the Ville-See also:Neuve in the south-See also:east with wide straight streets, allowing views of the hills around the city. Between the two lies. the See also:Place Stanislas, a square worthy of a capital city: in the centre stands the statue of Stanislas Leczinski, ruler of Lorraine, and on all sides rise imposing buildings in the 18th-See also:century See also:style—the town See also:hall, episcopal See also:palace, See also:theatre, &c. A See also:fine triumphal See also:arch erected by Stanislas in See also:honour of See also:Louis XV. leads from the Place Stanislas to the Place See also:Carriere, which forms a beautiful See also:tree-planted See also:promenade, containing at its further end the See also:government palace (1760) now the See also:residence of the See also:general commanding the XX. See also:army See also:corps, and adjoins the so-called Pepiniere (nursery) established by Stanislas. Other open spaces in the city are the Place d'See also:Alliance (formed by Stanislas, with a See also:fountain in memory of the alliance between Louis XV. and Maria See also:Theresa in 1756), the Place de 1'Academie, the Place St Epvre with a statue of See also:Duke Rene II., the Place Dombasle and the Place de See also:Thiers, the two latter embellished with the statues of Mathieu Dombasle, the agriculturist, and Adolphe Thiers. The See also:cathedral in the Ville-Neuve, built in the 18th century, has a wide See also:facade flanked by two See also:dome-surmounted towers, and a somewhat frigid and sombre interior. Of particular See also:interest is the See also:church of the See also:Cordeliers, in the old town, built by Rene II. about 1482 to commemorate his victory over See also:Charles the Bold.

Pillaged during the Revolution See also:

period, but restored to religious uses in 1825, it contains the tombs of Antony of Vaudemont and his wife See also:Marie d'See also:Harcourt, Philippe of Gueldres, second wife of Rene II., See also:Henry III., See also:count of Vaudemont, and See also:Isabella of Lorraine his wife, Rene II. (a curious See also:monument raised by his widow in 1515) and See also:Cardinal de Vaudemont (d. 1587). Here also is a See also:chapel built at the beginning of the 17th century to receive the tombs of the princes of the See also:house of Lorraine. The church of St Epvre, rebuilt between 1864 and 1874 on the site of an old church of the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries, has a fine See also:spire and See also:belfry and See also:good stained See also:glass windows. Bonsecours Church, at the end of the St See also:Pierre See also:Faubourg, contains the mausoleums of Stanislas (by whom it was built) and his wife See also:Catherine, and the See also:heart of their daughter Marie, See also:queen of France, as well as the statue of Notre-See also:Dame de Bonsecours, the See also:object of a well-known See also:pilgrimage. Of the old ducal palace, begun in the 15th century by Duke Raoul and completed by Rene II., there remains but a single wing, partly rebuilt after a See also:fire in 187r. The entrance to this wing, which contains the archaeological museum of Lorraine, is a beautiful specimen of the See also:late See also:Gothic of the beginning of the 16th century. One of the greatest treasures of the collection is the See also:tapestry found in the See also:tent of Charles the Bold after the See also:battle of Nancy. Of the old See also:gates of Nancy the most See also:ancient and remarkable is the See also:Porte de la Craffe (1463). The town hall contains a museum of See also:painting and See also:sculpture, add there is a See also:rich municipal library. A monument to See also:President See also:Carnot, and statues of Jacques See also:Callot, the engraver, and of General Drouot, both natives of Nancy, and of See also:Claude Gellee stand in various parts of the town.

Nancy is the seat of a See also:

bishop, a See also:prefect, a See also:court of See also:appeal and a court of assizes, headquarters of the XX. army corps, and centre of an academie (educational See also:division) with a university comprising faculties of See also:law, See also:medicine, See also:science and letters, and a higher school of See also:pharmacy. There are also tribunals of first instance and of See also:commerce, a See also:board of See also:trade-arbitrators, lycees and training colleges for both sexes, a higher ecclesiastical See also:seminary, a school of See also:agriculture, the See also:national school of forestry, a higher school of commerce, a technical school (ecole professionnelle), a school of arts and crafts (ecole preparatoire See also:des arts et metiers), a chamber of commerce and a See also:branch of the Bank of France. The See also:industries of Nancy include See also:printing, See also:brewing, See also:cotton- and See also:wool-See also:spinning and the See also:weaving of cotton and woollen goods, and the manufacture of See also:tobacco (by the See also:State), of boots and shoes, See also:straw hats, pottery, casks, See also:embroidery, machinery, See also:engineering material, See also:farm implements and See also:iron goods. At the See also:close of the rrth century Odelric of Nancy, See also:brother of See also:Gerard of See also:Alsace, possessed at Nancy a See also:castle which enabled him to defy the See also:united assaults of the bishops of Metz and Treves and the count of See also:Bar. In the 12th century the town was surrounded with walls, and became the capital of the See also:dukes of Lorraine; but its real importance See also:dates from the 15th century, when on the 5th of See also:January 1477 Charles the Bold was defeated by Rene II, and perished at its gates.' Enlarged, embellished and admirably refortified by Charles III., it was taken by the See also:French in 1633 (Louis XIII. and See also:Richelieu being See also:present at the See also:siege). After the See also:peace of See also:Ryswick in 1697 it was restored and Duke Leopold set himself to repair the disasters of the past. He founded See also:academies, established manufactures and set about the construction of the new town. But it was reserved for Stanislas Leczinski, to whom Lorraine and Bar were assigned in 1736, to carry out the plans of improvement in a style which made Nancy one of the palatial cities of See also:Europe, and rendered himself the most popular as he was the last of the dukes of Lorraine. The city, which became French in 1766, was occupied by the See also:allies in 1814 and 1815, and put to See also:ransom by the Prussians in 187o. After the Franco-See also:German See also:war the See also:population was greatly increased by the See also:immigration of Alsatians and of. See also:people from Metz and its See also:district. See C. Pfister, Histoire de Nancy (Paris and Nancy, 1902) ; J.

Cayon, Histoire physique, civile, morale et politique de Nancy (Nancy, 1846).

End of Article: NANCY

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