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PIERRE

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 591 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PIERRE , the See also:

capital of See also:South Dakota, U.S.A., and the See also:county-seat of See also:Hughes county, situated on the See also:east See also:bank of the See also:Missouri See also:river, opposite the mouth of the See also:Bad river, about 185 m. N.W. of See also:Yankton. Pop. (1905) 2794; (1910) 3656. Pierre is served by the See also:Chicago & See also:North-Western railway; the Missouri is navigable here, but river See also:traffic has been practically abandoned. Among the See also:principal buildings are the See also:state capitol (1909) and the See also:post See also:office See also:building. Pierre has a public library, and is the seat of the Pierre See also:Industrial School (co-educational, opened in 1890), a See also:government boarding school (non-See also:reservation) for See also:Indian See also:children. The See also:city has a large See also:trade in livestock, and is a centre for the See also:mining districts of the See also:Black Hills and for a See also:grain-growing See also:country. Natural See also:gas is used for See also:lighting, See also:heating and See also:power. A See also:fur-trading post, Fort La Framboise, was built in 1817 by a See also:French fur-trader (from whom it took its name) at the mouth of the Teton or Little Missouri river (now called the Bad River), on or near the site of the See also:present See also:village of Fort Pierre (pop. in 191o, 792). In 1822 Fort See also:Tecumseh was built about 2 M. up-stream by the See also:Columbia Fur See also:Company, which turned it over in 1827 to the See also:American Fur Company. The washing away of the river bank caused the See also:abandonment of this post and the erection about a mile farther up-stream, and a See also:short distance See also:west of the river, of Fort Pierre Chouteau (later called Fort Pierre), occupied in 1832, and named in See also:honour of Pierre Chouteau, jun.

(1789-1865).' For twenty ' Pierre Chouteau in 1804 succeeded his See also:

father, one of the founders of St See also:Louis, in the Missouri Fur Company; and about 1834 See also:Pratt, Chouteau & Company, of which he was the leading member, bought the entire western See also:department of the American Fur Company, and in 1838 reorganized under the name of Pierre Chouteau, jun., &years thereafter Fort Pierre was the See also:chief fur-trading See also:depot of the Upper Missouri country. In 1855 the See also:United States government bought the post building and other See also:property for $45,000, and laid out around them a military rese'--ration of about 270 sq. m. The fort was the headquarters of See also:General See also:William S. Harney (1800-1889) in his expedition against the See also:Sioux in 1856, and in See also:March of that See also:year an important See also:council between General Harney and the chiefs of all the Sioux bands, except the Blackfeet, was held here. The fort was abandoned in 1857. Pierre was laid out in 188o, was incorporated as a village in 1883, and was chartered as a city in Igloo. See See also:Major See also:Frederick T. See also:Wilson, " Fort Pierre and Its Neighbors," in South Dakota See also:Historical Collections, vol. i. (See also:Aberdeen, S.D., 1902) ; and Hiram M. Chittenden, The American Fur Trade of the Far West (3 vols., New See also:York, 1902).

End of Article: PIERRE

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