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CALLOT, JACQUES (1592-1635)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 58 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CALLOT, JACQUES (1592-1635) , See also:French engraver, was See also:born at See also:Nancy in See also:Lorraine, where his See also:father, See also:Jean Callot, was a heraldat-arms. He See also:early discovered a very strong predilection for See also:art, and at the See also:age of twelve quitted See also:home without his father's consent, and set out for See also:Rome where he intended to prosecute his studies. Being utterly destitute of funds he joined a See also:troop of Bohemians, and arrived in their See also:company at See also:Florence. In this See also:city he had the See also:good See also:fortune to attract the See also:notice of a See also:gentleman of the See also:court, who supplied him with the means of study; but he removed in a See also:short See also:time to Rome, where, however, he was recognized by some relatives, who immediately compelled him to return home. Two years after this, and when only fourteen years old, he again See also:left See also:France contrary to the wishes of his See also:friends, and reached See also:Turin before he was overtaken by his See also:elder See also:brother, who had been despatched in quest of him. As his See also:enthusiasm for art remained undiminished after these disappointments, he was at last allowed to accompany the See also:duke of Lorraine's See also:envoy to the papal court. His first care was to study the art of See also:design, of which in a short time he became a perfect See also:master. See also:Philip Thomasin instructed him in the use of the graver, which, however, he ultimately abandoned, substituting the point as better adapted for his purposes. From Rome he went to Florence, where he remained till the See also:death of Cosimo II., the See also:Maecenas of these times. On returning to his native See also:country he was warmly received by the then duke of Lorraine, who admired and encouraged him. As his fame was now spread abroad in various countries of See also:Europe, many distinguished persons gave him commissions to execute. By the Infanta See also:Isabella, See also:sovereign of the See also:Low Countries, he was commissioned to engrave a design of the See also:siege of See also:Breda; and at the See also:request of See also:Louis XIII. he designed the siege of Rochelle and the attack on the Isle of Re.

When,.however, in 1631 he was desired by that monarch to execute an See also:

engraving of the siege of Nancy, which he had just taken, Callot refused, saying, " I would rather cut off my thumb than do anything against the See also:honour of my See also:prince and of my country "; to which Louis replied that the duke of Lorraine was happy in possessing such subjects as Callot. Shortly after this he returned to his native See also:place, from which the See also:king failed to allure him with the offer of a handsome See also:pension. He engraved in all about 1600 pieces, the best of which are those executed in aquafortis. No one ever possessed in a higher degree the See also:talent Tor grouping a large number of figures in a small space, and of representing with two or three bold strokes the expression, See also:action and See also:peculiar features of each individual. Freedom, variety and naivete characterize all his pieces. His Fairs, his Miseries of See also:War, his Sieges, his Temptation of St See also:Anthony and his See also:Conversion of St See also:Paul are the best-known of his plates. See also Edouard Meaume, Recherches sur la See also:vie de Jacques Callot (186o).

End of Article: CALLOT, JACQUES (1592-1635)

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