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CARNOT, MARIE FRANCOIS SADI (1837-1894)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 378 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CARNOT, See also:MARIE See also:FRANCOIS SADI (1837-1894) , See also:fourth See also:president of the third See also:French See also:Republic, son of L. Hippolyte Carnot, was See also:born at See also:Limoges on the 11th of See also:August 1837. He was educated as a See also:civil engineer, and after having highly distinguished himself at the Fcole Polytechnique and the Fcole See also:des Ponts et Chaussees, obtained an See also:appointment in the public service. His hereditary republicanism recommended him to the See also:government of See also:national See also:defence, by which he was entrusted in 187o with the task of organizing resistance in the departments of the See also:Eure, See also:Calvados and See also:Seine Inferieure, and made See also:prefect of the last named in See also:January 1871. In the following See also:month he was elected to the National See also:Assembly by the See also:department Cote d'Or. In August 1878 he was appointed secretary to the See also:minister of public See also:works. In See also:September 188o he became minister, and again' in See also:April 1885, passing almost immediately to the See also:ministry of See also:finance, which he held under both the See also:Ferry and the See also:Freycinet administrations until See also:December 1886. When the See also:Wilson scandals occasioned the downfall of See also:Grevy in December 1887, Carnet's high See also:character for integrity marked him out as a See also:candidate for the See also:presidency, and he obtained the support of See also:Clemenceau and of all those who objected to the candidatures of men who have been more active in the See also:political See also:arena, so that he was elected by 616 votes out of 827. He assumed See also:office at a See also:critical See also:period, when the republic was all but openly attacked by See also:General See also:Boulanger. President Carnet's ostensible See also:part during this agitation was mainly confined to augmenting his popularity by well-timed appearances on public occasions, which gained See also:credit for the presidency and the republic. When See also:early in 1889, Boulanger was finally driven into See also:exile, it See also:fell to President Carnot's See also:lot to appear at the See also:head of the See also:state on two occasions of especial See also:interest, the celebration of the See also:centenary of 1789 and the opening of the See also:Paris See also:Exhibition of that See also:year. The perfect success of both was regarded, not unreasonably, as a popular ratification of the republic, and though continually harassed by the formation and See also:dissolution of ephemeral ministries, by socialist outbreaks, and the beginnings of See also:anti-Semitism, Carnot had but one serious crisis to surmount, the See also:Panama scandals of 1892, which, if they greatly damaged the See also:prestige of the state, increased the respect See also:felt for its head, against whose integrity none could breathe a word.

Carnot seemed to be arriving at the See also:

zenith of popularity, when on the 24th of See also:June 1894, after delivering at a public banquet at See also:Lyons a speech in which he appeared to imply that he nevertheless would not seek re-See also:election, he was stabbed by an See also:Italian anarchist named Caserio and expired almost immediately. The horror and grief excited by this tragedy were boundless, and the president was honoured with a splendid funeral in the See also:Pantheon, Paris. His son, FRANCOIS CARNOT, was first elected See also:deputy for the Cote d'Or in 1902. See E. Zevort, Histoire de la Troisieme Republique, tome iv., " La Presidence de Carnot " (Paris, 1901).

End of Article: CARNOT, MARIE FRANCOIS SADI (1837-1894)

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