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DUKES

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 285 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DUKES OF 285 suspect him, and his See also:

friends would talk about his being See also:king. The best See also:proof of his not being ambitious of such a doubtful piece of preferment is that he made no See also:attempt to get himself made king, See also:regent or See also:lieutenant-See also:general of the See also:kingdom at the See also:time of the See also:flight to Varennes in See also:June 1791. He, on the contrary, again tried to make his See also:peace with the See also:court in See also:January 1792, but he was so insulted that he was not encouraged to See also:sacrifice himself for the See also:sake of the king and See also:queen, who persisted in remembering all old enmities in their time of trouble. In the summer of 1792 he was See also:present for a See also:short time with the See also:army of the See also:north, with his two sons, the See also:duke of See also:Chartres and the duke of See also:Montpensier, but had returned to See also:Paris before the loth of See also:August. After that See also:day he underwent See also:great See also:personal See also:risk in saving fugitives; in particular, he saved the See also:life of the See also:count of Champcenetz, the See also:governor of the Tuileries, who was his personal enemy, at the See also:request of Mrs See also:Elliott. It was impossible for him to recede, and, after accepting the See also:title of Citoyen Egalite, conferred on him by the See also:commune of Paris, he was elected twentieth and last See also:deputy for Paris to the See also:Convention. In that See also:body he sat as quietly as he had done in the See also:National See also:Assembly, but on the occasion of the king's trial he had to speak, and then only to give his See also:vote for the See also:death of See also:Louis. His compliance did not See also:save him from suspicion, which was especially aroused by the friendship of his eldest son, the duke of Chartres, with See also:Dumouriez, and when the See also:news of the See also:desertion of Chartres with Dumouriez became known at Paris all the Bourbons See also:left in See also:France, including Egalite, were ordered to be arrested on the 5th of See also:April. He remained in See also:prison till the See also:month of See also:October, when the Reign of Terror began. He was naturally the very sort of victim wanted, and he was decreed " of See also:accusation " on the 3rd of October. He was tried on the 6th of See also:November and was guillotined on the same day, with a smile upon his lips and without any See also:appearance of fear. No See also:man ever was more blamed than See also:Orleans during the Revolution, but the faults of ambition and intrigue were his friends', not his own; it was his friends who wished him to be on the See also:throne.

Personally he possessed the charming See also:

manners of a polished See also:grand seigneur: debauched and cynical, but never See also:rude or cruel, full of See also:gentle See also:consideration for all about him but selfish in his pursuit of See also:pleasure, he has had to See also:bear a heavy load of blame, but it is ridiculous to describe the idle and courteous voluptuary as being a dark and designing See also:scoundrel, capable of See also:murder if it would serve his ambition. The See also:execution of Philippe Egalite made the friend of Dumouriez, who was living in See also:exile, duke of Orleans. AuTHoRrrIEs.—Baschet, Histoire de Philippe Egalite; See also:Journal of Mrs See also:Grace Dalrymple Elliott (1859); A. Nettement, Philippe-Egalite (Paris, 1842); Laurentie, Histoire See also:des ducs d'Orleans (Paris, 1832) ; G. Peignot, Precis historique de la maison d'Orleans (Paris, 1830) ; L. C. R(ousselet), Correspondance de Louis-Philippe See also:Joseph d'Orleans avec Louis XVI (Paris, 1800) ; See also:Rivarol, Portrait du duc d'Orleans et de Madame de Geniis; Tournois, Histoire du Louis Philippe Joseph duc d'Orleans (Paris, 1842).

End of Article: DUKES

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