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See also:DUMOURIEZ, See also:CHARLES See also:FRANCOIS (1739—1823) , See also:French See also:general, was See also:born at Cambray in 1739. His See also:father was a See also:commissary of the royal See also:army, and educated his son most carefully in various branches of learning. The boy continued his studies at the See also:college of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis-le-See also:Grand, and in 1757 began his military career as a volunteer in the See also:campaign of See also:Rossbach. He received a See also:commission for See also:good conduct in See also:action, and served in the later See also:German See also:campaigns of the Seven Years' See also:War with distinction; but at the See also:peace he was retired as a See also:captain, with a small See also:pension and the See also:cross of St Louis. Dumouriez then visited See also:Italy and See also:Corsica, See also:Spain and See also:Portugal, and his memorials to the duc de See also:Choiseul on Corsican affairs led to his re-employment on the See also:staff of the French expeditionary See also:corps sent to the See also:island, for which he gained the See also:rank of See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel. After this he became a member of the See also:Secret du roi, the secret service under Louis XV., where his fertility of See also:diplomatic resource had full See also:- SCOPE (through Ital. scopo, aim, purpose, intent, from Gr. o'KOaos, mark to shoot at, aim, o ic07reiv, to see, whence the termination in telescope, microscope, &c.)
scope, In 1770 he was sent on a See also:mission into See also:Poland, where in addition to his See also:political business he organized a See also:Polish See also:militia. The fall of Choiseul brought about his recall, and somewhat later he was imprisoned in the See also:Bastille, where he spent six months, occupying himself with See also:literary pursuits. He was then removed to See also:Caen, where he was detained until the See also:accession of Louis XVI.
Upon his See also:release in 1774 he married his See also:cousin Mlle de Broissy, but he was neglectful and unfaithful, and in 1789 the pair separated, the wife taking See also:refuge in a See also:convent. Meanwhile Dumouriez had devoted his See also:attention to the See also:internal See also:state of his own See also:country, and amongst the very numerous memorials which he sent in to the See also:government was one on the See also:defence of See also:Normandy and its ports, which procured him in 1778 the postof commandant of See also:Cherbourg, which he administered with much success for ten years. He became marechal de See also:camp in 1788; but his ambition was not satisfied, and at the outbreak of the Revolution, seeing the opportunity for See also:carving out a career, he went to See also:Paris, where he joined the Jacobin See also:Club. The See also:death of See also:Mirabeau, to whose fortunes he had attached himself, was a See also:great See also:blow to him; but, promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general and commandant of See also:Nantes, his opportunity came after the See also:flight to Varennes, when he attracted attention by offering to See also:march to the assistance of the See also:Assembly. He now attached himself to the Girondist party, and on the 15th of March 1792 was appointed See also:minister of See also:foreign affairs. He was mainly responsible for the See also:declaration of war against See also:Austria (See also:April 20), and the invasion of the See also:Low Countries was planned by him. On the dismissal of See also:Roland, Claviere and See also:Servan (See also:June 13), he took the latter's See also:post of minister of war, but resigned it two days later on See also:account of the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's refusal to come to terms with the Assembly, and went to join the army of See also:Marshal Lackner. After the emeute of See also:August to and See also:Lafayette's flight he was appointed to the command of the " Army of the Centre," and at the same moment the See also:Coalition assumed the offensive. Dumouriez acted promptly. His subordinate See also:Kellermann repulsed the Prussians at Valmy (See also:September 20, 1792), and he himself severely defeated the Austrians at See also:Jemappes (See also:November 6). Returning to Paris, he was received with a popular See also:ovation; but he was out of sympathy with the extremists in See also:power, his old-fashioned methodical method of conducting war exposed him to the See also:criticism of the ardent See also:Jacobins, and a defeat would mean the end of his career. Defeat coming to him at See also:Neerwinden in See also:January 1793, he ventured all on a desperate stroke. Arresting the commissaries of the See also:Convention sent to inquire into his conduct, he handed them over to the enemy, and then attempted to persuade his troops to march on Paris and overthrow the revolutionary government. The See also:attempt failed, and Dumouriez, with the duc de See also:Chartres (afterwards King Louis Philippe) and his See also:brother the duc de See also:Montpensier, fled into the See also:Austrian camp.
He now wandered from country to country, occupied in ceaseless intrigues with Louis XVIII., or for setting up an Orleanist See also:monarchy, until in 1804 he settled in See also:England, where the government conferred on him a pension of 1200 a See also:year. He became a valuable adviser to the War See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
Office in connexion with the struggle with See also:Napoleon, though the extent to which this went was only known in public many years later. In 1814 and 1815 he endeavoured to procure from Louis XVIII. the See also:baton of a marshal of See also:France, but was refused. He died at Turville See also:Park, near See also:Henley-on-See also:Thames, on the 14th of March 1823. His See also:memoirs were published at See also:Hamburg in 1794. An enlarged edition, La See also:Vie et See also:les memoires du General Dumouriez, appeared at Paris in 1823. Dumouriez was also the author of a large number of political See also:pamphlets.
See A. von Boguslawski, Das Leben See also:des Generals Dumouriez (See also:Berlin, 1878–1879); Revue des deux mondes (15th See also:July, 1st and 15th August 1884) ; H. Welschinger, Le See also:Roman de Dumouriez (189o) ; A. Chuquet, La Premiere Invasion, Valmy, La Retraite de See also:Brunswick, Jemappes, La Trahison de Dumouriez (Paris, 1886–1891); A. See also:Sorel, L'See also:Europe et la Revolution francaise (1885–1892) ; J. See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland See also:Rose and A. M. Broadley, Dumouriez and the Defence of England (1908) ; E. See also:Daudet, La Conjuration de See also:Pichegru et les See also:corn plots royalistes du midi et du See also:rest, 1795—1797 (Paris, 1901).
End of Article: DUMOURIEZ, CHARLES FRANCOIS (1739—1823)
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