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Lyons, then in revolt against the Convention, but shortly after the surrender he was imprisoned in Paris for thirteen months. Once more honourably acquitted, he was reinstated in his command, and did See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good service in maintaining the See also:

south-eastern border against the Austrians until his army was merged into that of General See also:

BONAPARTE

Bonaparte in Italy. He was then sixty-two years of See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, still physically equal to his See also:

WORK

work, but the See also:

young generals who had come to the front in these two years represented the new spirit and the new See also:

art of war, and Kellermann's active career came to an end. But the See also:

hero of Valmy was never for-gotten. When See also:

NAPOLEON

Napoleon came to See also:

POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power Kellermann was named successively senator (1800), honorary marshal of France (1803), and duke of Valmy (1808). He was frequently employed in the See also:

ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of the army, the See also:

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of the See also:

LINE

line of communications, and the command of reserve troops, and his long and wide experience made him one of Napoleon's most valuable assistants.

In 1814 he voted for the deposition of the See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor and became a peer under the royal See also:

government. After the " See also:

HUNDRED

Hundred Days " he sat in the Chamber of Peers and voted with the Liberals. He died at Paris on the 23rd of See also:

SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1820. See J. G. P. de Salve, Fragments historiques sur M. le marechal de Kellermann (Paris, 1807), and De Botidoux, Esquisse de la See also:

CARRIERE, MORITZ (1817-1895)

carriere militaire de F. C. Kellermann, duc de Valmy (Paris, 1817). His son, FRANCOIS See also:

ETIENNE, CHARLES GUILLAUME (1778-1845)

ETIENNE DE KELLERMANN, duke of Valmy (1770–1835), French See also:

CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry general, was born at See also:

METZ

Metz and served for a See also:

SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

time in his See also:

FATHER

father's See also:

REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment of Hussars previous to entering the See also:

DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic service in 1791. In 1793 he again joined the army, serving chiefly under his father's command in the Alps, and rising in 1796 to the See also:

RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of chef de See also:

BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade. In the latter See also:

PART

part of Bonaparte's celebrated See also:

ITALIAN

Italian See also:

CAMPAIGN

campaign of 1796–97 the younger Kellermann attracted the future emperor's See also:

NOTICE

notice by his brilliant conduct at the forcing of the Tagliamento. He was made general of brigade at once, and,continued in Italy after the See also:

peace of Campo Formio, being employed successively in the armies of See also:

Rome and See also:

Naples under See also:

Macdonald and See also:

CHAMPIONNET, JEAN ETIENNE (1762-1800)

Championnet.

In the campaign of 'Soo he commanded a cavalry brigade under the First See also:

Consul, and at See also:

MARENGO

Marengo (q.v.) he initiated and carried out one of the most famous cavalry charges of history, which, with Desaix's See also:

INFANTRY

infantry attack, regained the lost See also:

BATTLE

battle and decided the issue of the war. He was promoted general of See also:

DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division at once, but as See also:

early as the evening of the battle he resented what he thought to be an See also:

ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to belittle his exploit. A heated controversy followed as to the See also:

INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of Kellermann's See also:

charge on the course of the battle, and in this controversy he displayed neither tact nor forbearance. However, his merits were too See also:

GREAT

great for his career to be ruined either by his conduct in the dispute or by the frequent scandals, and even by the frauds, of his private See also:

LIFE

life. Unlike his father's, his See also:

TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title to fame did not See also:

REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest on one fortunate opportunity. Though not the most famous, he was perhaps the ablest of all Napoleon's cavalry leaders, and distinguished himself at See also:

AUSTERLITZ (Czech Slavkov)

Austerlitz (q.v.), in See also:

PORTUGAL

Portugal under See also:

Junot (on this occasion as a skilful diplomatist), at the brilliant cavalry combat of Tormes (Nov. 28, 1809), .and on many other occasions in the See also:

PENINSULAR

Peninsular War. His rapacity was more than ever notorious in See also:

Spain, yet Napoleon met his unconvincing excuses with the words, " General, whenever your name is brought before me, I think of nothing but Marengo." He was on sick leave during the See also:

RUSSIAN

Russian expedition of 1812, but in 1813 and 1814 his skill and leading were as conspicuous as ever. He retained his rank under the first Restoration, but joinedNapoleon during the Hundred Days, and commanded a cavalry See also:

CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps in the See also:

WATERLOO

Waterloo campaign. At Quatre See also:

BRAS

Bras he personally led his squadrons in the famous cavalry charge, and almost lost his life in the melee, and at Waterloo he was again wounded. He was disgraced at the second Restoration, and, on succeeding to his father's title and seat in the Chamber of Peers in 1820, at once took up and maintained till the fall of See also:

Charles X. in 183o an attitude of determined opposition to the Bourbons. He died on the 2nd of See also:

JUNE

June 1835.

His son FRANCOIS CHRISTOPHE EDMOND DE KELLERMANN, duke of Valmy (1802–1868), was a distinguished statesman, See also:

POLITICAL

political historian, and diplomatist under the See also:

JULY

July See also:

MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

Monarchy.

End of Article: KELLERMANN, FRANCOIS CHRISTOPHE DE (1735-1820)

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