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See also:BRABANT, See also:NORTH , the largest See also:province in See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland, bounded S. by See also:Belgium, W. and N.W. by the See also:Scheldt, the Eendracht, the Volkerak and the Hollandsch Diep, which See also:separate it from See also:Zealand and See also:South Holland, N. and N. E. by the Merwede and See also:Maas, which separate it from South Holland and See also:Gelderland, and E. by the province of See also:Limburg. It has an See also:area of 231 sq.m. and a pop. (1900) of 553,842. The See also:surface of the province is a See also:gentle slope from the south-See also:east (where it ranges between 8o and 16o ft. in height) towards the north and north-See also:west, and the See also:soil is composed of diluvial See also:sand, here and there mixed with See also:gravel, but giving See also:place to See also:sea-See also:clay along the western boundary and See also:river-clay along the See also:banks of the Maas and smaller See also:rivers. The See also:watershed is formed by the north-eastern edge of the Belgian See also:plateau of Campine, and follows a curved See also:line See also:drawn through See also:Bergen-op-Zoom, See also:Turnhout and See also:Maastricht. The landscape consists for the most See also:part of See also:waste stretches of See also:heath, occasionally slightly overlaid with high fen. Between the valleys of the Aa and the Maas lies the See also:long stretch of heavy high-fen called the See also:Peel (" marshy See also:land "). Deurne, a few See also:miles east of See also:Helmond, the site of a prehistoric See also:burial-ground, was an See also:early fen See also:colony. The See also:work of reclamation was removed farther eastwards to Helenaveen in the second See also:half of the 19th See also:century. See also:Agriculture (potatoes, See also:buckwheat, See also:rye) is the See also:main See also:industry, generally combined with See also:cattle-raising. On the clay lands See also:wheat and See also:barley are the See also:principal products, and in the western corner of the province beetroot is largely cultivated for the See also:beet See also:sugar industry, factories being found at Bergen-op-Zoom, Steenbergen and Oudenbosch.
There is a See also:special cultivation of hops in the See also:district north-west of 's Hertogenbosch. The large See also:majority of the See also:population is See also:Roman See also:Catholic. The earliest development of towns and villages took place along the river Maas and its tributaries, and the fortified Roman camps which were the origin of maw such afterwards See also:developed in the hands of feudal lords. The See also:chief See also:town of the province, 's Hertogenbosch, may be cited as an interesting See also:historical example. Geertruidenberg,
Heusden, Ravestein and See also:Grave are all similarly situated. See also:Breda is the next town in importance to the See also:capital. Bergen-op-Zoom had originally a more maritime importance. Rozendaal, See also:Eindhoven and Bokstel (or Boxtel) are important railway junctions. Bokstel was formerly the seat of an See also:independent See also:barony which came into the See also:possession of See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip the See also:Good in 1439. The See also:castle was restored in See also:modern times. The See also:precarious position of the province on the See also:borders of the See also:country doubtless militated against an earlier See also:industrial development, but since the separation from Belgium and the construction of roads, See also:railways and canals there has been a See also:general improvement, See also:Tilburg, Eindhoven and Helmond all having risen into prominence in modern times as industrial centres. See also:Leather-tanning and See also:shoe-making are especially associated with the district called Langstraat, which is situated between Geertruidenberg and 's Hertogenbosch, and consists of a See also:series of industrial villages along the course of the Old Maas.
End of Article: BRABANT, NORTH
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