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BEET

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 644 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BEET , a cultivated See also:

form of the plant Beta vulgaris (natural See also:order Chenopodiaceae), which grows See also:wild on the coasts of See also:Europe, See also:North See also:Africa and See also:Asia as far as See also:India. It is a biennial, producing, like the See also:carrot, a thick, fleshy tap-See also:root during the first See also:year and a branched, leafy, flowering See also:stem in the following See also:season. The small, See also:green See also:flowers are See also:borne in clusters. A considerable number of varieties are cultivated for use on See also:account of their large fleshy roots, under the names of mangel-wurzel or mangold, See also:field-beet and See also:garden-beet. The cultivation of beet in relation to the See also:production of See also:sugar, for which purpose certain varieties of beet stand next in importance to the sugar See also:cane, is dealt with under SUGAR. The garden-beet has been cultivated from very remote times as a See also:salad plant, and for See also:general use as a table See also:vegetable. The variety most generally grown has See also:long, tapering, carrot-shaped roots, the " flesh " of which is of a See also:uniform deep red See also:colour throughout, and the leaves brownish red. It is boiled and cut into slices for being eaten See also:cold; and it is also prepared as a See also:pickle, as well as in various other forms. Beet is in much more See also:common use on the See also:continent of Europe as a culinary vegetable than in See also:Great See also:Britain, where it has, however, been cultivated for upwards of two centuries. The See also:white beet, Beta cicla, is cultivated for the leaves, which are used as See also:spinach. The midribs and stalks of the leaves are also stewed and eaten as See also:sea-kale, under the name of Swiss See also:chard. B. cicla is also largely used as a decorative plant for its large, handsome leaves, See also:blood red or variegated in colour.

The beet prospers in a See also:

rich deep See also:soil, well pulverized by the See also:spade. If manure is required, it should be deposited at the bottom of the See also:trench in preparing the ground. The seeds should be sown in drills f s ins. asunder, in See also:April or See also:early in May, and the See also:plants are afterwards to be thinned to about 8 in. apart in the lines, but not more, as moderate-sized roots are preferable. The plants should grow on till the end of See also:October or later, when a portion should be taken up for use, and the See also:rest laid in in a sheltered corner, and covered up from See also:frost. The roots must not be bruised and the leaves must be See also:twisted off—not closely cut, as they are then liable to bleed. In the north the See also:crop may be wholly taken up in autumn, and stored in a See also:pit or cellar, beyond reach of frost. If it is desired to have fresh roots early, the seeds should be sown at the end of See also:February or beginning of See also:March; and if a See also:succession is required, a few more may be sown by the end of March.

End of Article: BEET

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BEESLY, EDWARD SPENCER (1831– )
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BEETHOVEN, LUDWIG VAN (1770-1827)