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BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)
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See also:BORNE, KARL See also:LUDWIG (1786–1837) , See also:German See also:political writer and satirist, was See also:born on the 6th of May 1786 at Frankforton-See also:Main, where his See also:father, See also:Jakob See also:Baruch, carried on the business of a banker. He received his See also:early See also:education at See also:Giessen, but as See also:Jews were ineligible at that See also:time for public appointments in See also:Frankfort, See also:young Baruch was sent to study See also:medicine at See also:Berlin under a physician, Markus Herz, in whose See also:house he resided. Young Baruch became deeply enamoured of his See also:patron's wife, the talented and beautiful Henriette Herz (1764–1847), and gave vent to his See also:adoration in a See also:series of remarkable letters. Tiring of medical See also:science, which he had subsequently pursued at See also:Halle, he studied constitutional See also:law and political science at See also:Heidelberg and Giessen, and in 1811 took his See also:doctor's degree at the latter university. On his return to Frankfort, now constituted as a See also:grand duchy under the See also:sovereignty of the See also:prince See also:bishop Karl von See also:Dalberg, he received (1811) the See also:appointment of See also:police See also:actuary in that See also:city. The old conditions, however, returned in 1814 and he was obliged to resign his See also:office. Embittered by the oppression under which the Jews suffered in See also:Germany, he engaged in See also:journal-ism, and edited the Frankfort liberal See also:newspapers, Staatsristretto and See also:Die Zeitschwingen. In 1818 he became a convert to Lutheran
protestantism, changing his name from Lob Baruch to Ludwig Borne. This step was taken less out of religious conviction than, as in the See also:case of so many of his descent, in See also:order to improve his social See also:standing. From 1818 to 1821 he edited Die Wage, a See also:paper distinguished by its lively political articles and its powerful but sarcastic theatrical criticisms. This paper was suppressed by the police authorities, and in 1821 Borne quitted for a while the See also: Although to some extent disappointed in his hopes, he was not disposed to look any more kindly on the political See also:condition of Germany; this See also:lent additional zest to the brilliant satirical letters (Briefe aus Paris, 1830-1833, published Paris, 1834), which he began to publish in his last See also:literary venture, La See also:Balance, a revival under its See also:French name of Die Wage. The Briefe aus Paris was Berne's most important publication, and a landmark in the See also:history of German journalism. Its See also:appearance led him to be regarded as one of the leaders of the new literary party of " Young Germany." He died at Paris on the 12th of See also:February 1837. Berne's See also:works are remarkable for brilliancy of See also:style and for a thorough French vein of See also:satire. His best See also:criticism is to be found in his Denkrede auf See also:Jean See also:Paul (1826), a writer for whom he had warm sympathy and admiration, in his Dramaturgische See also:Matter (1829–1834), and the witty satire, See also:Menzel der Franzosenfresser (1837). He also wrote a number of See also:short stories and sketches, of which the best known are the Monographie der deutschen Postschnecke (1829) and Der Esskilnstler (1822). The first edition of his Gesammelte Schriften appeared at See also:Hamburg (1829–1834) in 14 volumes, followed by 6 volumes of Nachgelassene Schriften (See also:Mannheim, 1844–1850) ; more See also:complete is the edition in 12 volumes (Hamburg, 1862-1863), reprinted in 1868 and subseuently. The latest complete edition is that edited by A. Klaar (8 vols., See also:Leipzig, 1900). For further See also:biographical matter see K. See also:Gutzkow, Bornes Leben (Hamburg, I84o), and M. Holzmann, L. Borne, sein Leben and sein Wirken (Berlin, 1888). Bornes Briefe an Henriette Herz (1802-1807), first published in 1861, have been re-edited by L. Geiger (See also:Oldenburg, 1905), who has also published Berne's Berliner Briefe (1828) (Berlin, 1905). See also .See also:Heine's witty attack on Borne (Werke, ed. See also:Lister, vii.), G. See also:Gervinus' See also:essay in his Historiche Schriften (See also:Darmstadt, 1838), and the chapters in G. See also:Brandes, Hovedstromninger i det r9 de Aarhundredes Litteratur vol. vi. (See also:Copenhagen, 1890, German trans. 1891; See also:English trans. 1905), and in J. Proelss, Das junge Deutschland (See also:Stuttgart, 1892). Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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