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PASHA

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 883 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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PASHA , also written " pasha " and formerly " pashaw," &c., a See also:

TURKISH

Turkish See also:

TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title, See also:

SUPERIOR

superior to that of See also:

BEY (a modern Turk. word, the older form being beg, cf. Pers. baig)

bey (q.v.), See also:

BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne by persons of high See also:

RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank and placed after the name. It is in the See also:

GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift, of the See also:

SULTAN (an Arabic word meaning " victorious " or " a ruler," sultat, dominion)

sultan of See also:

TURKEY

Turkey and, by delegation, ?of the See also:

KHEDIVE

khedive of See also:

EGYPT

Egypt. The title appears, originally, to have been bestowed exclusively upon military commanders, but it is now given to any high See also:

OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official, and also to unofficial persons whom it is desired to See also:

HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour. It is conferred indifferently upom Moslems and Christians, and is frequently given to foreigners in the service of the See also:

TURKS

Turks or Egyptians. Pashas are of three grades, formerly distinguished by the number of See also:

HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse-tails (three, two and one respectively) which they were entitled to display as symbols of authority when on See also:

CAMPAIGN

campaign. A pashalik is a See also:

province governed by or under the See also:

jurisdiction of a pasha. The word is variously derived from the See also:

Persian padshah, Turkish See also:

PADISHAH

padishah, See also:

EQUIVALENT

equivalent to See also:

king or See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor, and from the Turkish bash, in some dialects gash, a See also:

head, See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief, &c. In old Turkish there was no fixed distinction between b and p. As first used in western See also:

EUROPE

Europe the title was written with the initial b. The See also:

ENGLISH

English forms bashaw, bassaw, bucha, &c., See also:

general in the 16th and 17th centuries, were derived through the med. See also:

LAT

Lat. and Ital. See also:

BASSA

End of Article: PASHA

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