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WARWICK, EARLS OF

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 338 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WARWICK, EARLS OF . See also:John See also:Rous (c. 1411-1491), the historian of the earls of Warwick, gives an See also:account of them from See also:Brutus their founder through many mythical ancestors, among whom is the See also:Guy of See also:romance. The 1st See also:earl of Warwick was See also:Henry de See also:Newburgh (d. 1123), See also:lord of Newbourg in See also:Normandy and son of See also:Roger de See also:Beaumont. He became See also:constable of Warwick See also:Castle in 1o68, and, though there is no See also:proof that he actually came over with the Conqueror, his See also:elder See also:brother See also:Robert de Beaumont, See also:comte de Meulan, fought at See also:Hastings. He apparently spent most of his See also:time in Normandy, and was a See also:baron of the See also:Norman See also:exchequer. He was created earl of Warwick See also:early in the reign of See also:William II. receiving a See also:grant of the See also:great estates of the Saxon, Thurkill of See also:Arden, in See also:Warwickshire. He was attached throughout his See also:life to Henry I., and both the Beaumont See also:brothers were faithful to the See also:king at the time of the See also:conspiracy of the Norman nobles in r or. By his wife See also:Margaret, daughter of See also:Geoffrey II., See also:count of See also:Perche, he had five sons and two daughters. He died on the 20th of See also:June 1123, and was buried in the Norman See also:abbey of Preaux, near See also:Pont-Audemer, a See also:family See also:foundation of which he and his brother were patrons. At Warwick he founded the priory of the See also:Austin Canons, and endowed the See also:church of St See also:Mary.

Of his sons Roger de Newburgh became 2nd earl of Warwick and died in 1153; See also:

Rotrou (d. 1139) became See also:archbishop of See also:Rouen; and Robert, See also:seneschal and See also:justiciar of Normandy, died in 1185 in the abbey of Bec, of which he was a benefactor. The and earl was followed by his two sons in See also:succession, William (d. 1184) and Waleran (d. 1204). Henry de Newburgh, 5th earl of Warwick (1192-1229), took the royal See also:side in the See also:civil See also:wars of the reigns of John and Henry III. The 6th earl, See also:Thomas de Newburgh (c. 1213-1297), See also:left no heirs, and was succeeded by his See also:sister Margaret, countess of Warwick in her own right, who was twice married, but left no heirs. Her second See also:husband, John du Plessis, assumed the See also:title of earl of Warwick in 1245, and in 1250 received a grant of his wife's lands for life. He was succeeded in 1263 by Countess Margaret's See also:cousin and See also:heir, See also:Sir William Mauduit (1220-1268), 8th earl of Warwick. Mauduit's sister and heiress, See also:Isabel de See also:Beauchamp, had apparently adopted the religious life at the time of her brother's See also:death, and her son William de Beauchamp became 9th earl of Warwick. His son Guy de Beauchamp, loth earl of Warwick (1278-1315), received grants of See also:land in See also:Scotland for his services at See also:Falkirk, and in 1301 was one of the signatories of the See also:letter to the See also:pope denying the papal right to interfere in Scottish affairs.

He was with See also:

Edward I. at the time of his death, and is said to have been warned by him against Piers See also:Gaveston. He was one of the lords ordainers of 1310, and was concerned in the See also:capture of Gaveston, though he declined to countenance his See also:execution. He died on the loth of See also:August 1315. His son, Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th earl (1313–1369), was See also:marshal of See also:England in 1344, and of the See also:English See also:army in See also:France in 1346. He fought at See also:Crecy and See also:Poitiers, and was one of the See also:original knights of the Garter. Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th earl (c. 1345–1401), was about twenty-four years old when he succeeded his See also:father. He served on the lords' See also:committee of reform in the See also:Good See also:Parliament in 1376, and again in 1377, and was a member of the See also:commission of inquiry in 1379. Appointed See also:governor to See also:Richard II. in See also:February 1381, he joined the nobles who sought to impose their authority on the king, and was one of the lords appellant in 1388. After the overthrow of his party in 1389 Warwick lived in retirement, but although he had for the moment escaped Richard's vengeance he was not forgiven. Being invited with See also:Gloucester and See also:Arundel to a banquet at See also:court on the loth of See also:July 1397 he alone of the three was imprudent enough to obey the See also:summons. He was immediately arrested and imprisoned in the See also:Tower of See also:London, in that See also:part of the fortress since known as the Beauchamp Tower.

Warwick made a full See also:

confession in parliament; his honours were forfeited and he himself banished. He was again in the Tower in 1398, but was liberated and restored to his honours on the See also:accession of Henry IV. His son Richard Beauchamp, 13th earl of Warwick, is separately noticed. Henry, 14th earl of Warwick (1423-1445), Earl Richard's son, a descendant, through his See also:mother See also:Constance le See also:Despenser, of See also:Edmund, See also:duke of See also:York. fifth son of Edward III., received a patent making him premier earl in 1444. A See also:year later he was created duke of Warwick with See also:precedence next after the duke of See also:Norfolk, a See also:rank disputed by the duke of See also:Buckingham. The assertion that he was crowned king of the Isle of See also:Wight seems to have no foundation in fact. The 14th earl, whose honours were probably due to his father's services, died in his twenty-second year, leaving a daughter See also:Anne, who died in 1449. On her death the earldom lapsed to the See also:crown. The estates passed to Sir Richard See also:Neville (see WARWICK, RICHARD NEVILLE, earl of), in right of his wife Anne, sister of Henry Beauchamp, duke of Warwick. He and his wife were created earl and countess of Warwick each for life in r45o. with See also:remainder to Anne's heirs, and) thesefailing, to Margaret, countess of See also:Shrewsbury, See also:half-sister of the countess Anne. After the death of her husband, the Kingmaker, at See also:Barnet in 1471, the rights of the countess, heiress of the Beauchamp estates, were set aside " as if the seid countes were nowe naturally dede " (See also:act of 13 Edward IV. 1473) in favour of her daughters, Isabel, wife of See also:George, duke of See also:Clarence, and Anne, who, after the See also:murder of her first husband Edward See also:prince of See also:Wales in 1471, married Richard, duke of Gloucester, afterwards Richard III.

Their mother was allowed to resume her estates in 1487, but only to See also:

settle them on the crown. She was succeeded in 1493 in the earldom by her See also:grandson Edward See also:Plantagenet, 18th earl of Warwick (1475-1499), son of the duke of Clarence, and therefore the Yorkist heir to the crown. He was imprisoned in 1484, his See also:sole offence being his See also:birth, and was executed in 1499 on a See also:charge of conspiracy with his See also:fellow. prisoner, See also:Perkin Warheck. He was the last representative of the male See also:line of the Plantagenets. His honours were forfeited, and his estates passed to his sister Margaret, countess of See also:Salisbury in her own right, the unfortunate See also:lady who was executed in 1541. The next See also:bearer of the title was John See also:Dudley, See also:Viscount See also:Lisle, afterwards duke of See also:Northumberland (q.v.), who was created earl of Warwick in 1547, on account of his descent from Margaret, countess of Shrewsbury, daughter of Richard Beauchamp, earl of Warwick. The earldom became See also:extinct with his son John Dudley, 20th earl of Warwick (c. 1528–1554), who was condemned to death for having signed the letters patent making his sister-in-See also:law, Lady Jane See also:Grey, heir apparent. He was released from See also:prison in See also:October 1554, but died in the same See also:month. His brother, See also:Ambrose Dudley (c. 1528–1590),;who fought at St Quentin in 1557, secured the reversal of the See also:attainder of himself and his brother consequent on the See also:attempt to See also:place Lady Jane Grey on the See also:throne, and in 1561 was created Baron Lisle and earl of Warwick. He was in high favour with See also:Elizabeth, as was his third wife Anne, daughter of See also:Francis See also:Russell, and earl of See also:Bedford.

His brother Robert, earl of See also:

Leicester, having predeceased him his honours became extinct on his death in 1590. The earldom was revived in 1618 in favour of Robert See also:Rich, 3rd Baron Rich (c. 1560-1619), grandson of Lord See also:Chancellor Rich, who died shortly after his See also:elevation. His wife See also:Penelope, Lady Rich, is separately noticed. He was succeeded in 1619 by his eldest son Robert Rich, and or 23rd earl of Warwick (q.v.), whose twe sons Robert (1611–1659) and See also:Charles (1619–1673) succeeded him in the earldom and died leaving no male issue. The 5th or 26th earl )f Warwick was their cousin Robert Rich (1620-1675), eldest son of Henry, 1st earl of See also:Holland. His grandson, the 7th or 28th earl, left no issue, and the title became extinct on the death, on the 15th of See also:September 1759, of his kinsman Edward Rich, 8th or 29th earl. It was revived two months later, when Francis Greville, Baron See also:Brooke of Beauchamps Court (1719-1773), who had in 1746 been created Earl Brooke of Warwick Castle, became earl of Warwick. Greville was descended from Robert Greville, the 2nd baron, who was killed at See also:Lichfield during the civil See also:war and he represented a See also:cadet See also:branch of the Beauchamp family. His son George (1746–1816) became the and earl of this line, and the earldom has remained with his descendants, Francis Richard (b. 18J3) becoming the 5th earl in 1893. His wife, Frances See also:Evelyn, countess of Warwick, daughter of See also:Colonel the Hon.

C. H. See also:

Maynard (d. i865), inherited the estates of her grandfather, Henry Maynard, 5th and last Viscount Maynard (1788-1865). She became well known in society, and later for her See also:interest in social questions.

End of Article: WARWICK, EARLS OF

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