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SHREWSBURY, JOHN TALBOT, 1ST EARL OF ...

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 1018 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SHREWSBURY, See also:JOHN See also:TALBOT, 1ST See also:EARL OF (d. 1453) , was second son of See also:Richard, 5th See also:baron Talbot, by Ankaret, heiress of the last See also:Lord See also:Strange of Blackmere. He was married before 1404 to Maud See also:Neville, heiress of the barons See also:Furnivall, and in her right summoned to See also:parliament from 1409. In 1421 by the See also:death of his niece he acquired the baronies of Talbot and Strange. From 1404 to 1413 he served with his See also:elder See also:brother See also:Gilbert in the Welsh See also:war. Then for five years from See also:February 1414 he was See also:lieutenant of See also:Ireland, where he held the See also:honour of See also:Wexford. He did some fighting, and had a See also:sharp See also:quarrel with the earl of See also:Ormonde. Complaints were made against him both for harsh See also:government in Ireland and for violence in See also:Herefordshire. From 1420 to 1424 he served in See also:France. In 1425 he was again for a See also:short See also:time lieutenant in Ireland. So far his career was that of a turbulent lord of the See also:Marches, employed in posts where a rough See also:hand was useful. In 1427 he went again to France, where he fought with distinction in See also:Maine and at the See also:siege of See also:Orleans; but his exploits were those of a See also:good fighter rather than of See also:general, and it was his stubborn rashness that was chiefly to blame for the See also:English defeat at Patay in See also:June 1429.

After Patay Talbot was four years a prisoner. On his See also:

release he became one of the foremost of the English captains. In 1434 he recovered the See also:county of Clermont, next See also:year took See also:part in the siege of St Denys, and in 1436 by reducing and harrying the revolted Pays de Caux saved See also:Normandy. He was rewarded with the offices of See also:captain of See also:Rouen and See also:marshal of France. During five years as a dashing fighter he was the mainstay of the English cause. His See also:chief exploits were the defeat of the Burgundians before Crotoy in 1437 and the recovery of See also:Harfleur in 1440. In 1442 during a visit to See also:England he was created earl of Shrewsbury. In See also:November he was back in France besieging See also:Dieppe; but " fared so foul with his men that they would no longer abide with him " and was forced to break the siege (See also:Chronicles of See also:London, p. 150). In See also:March 1445 he was once more sent to Ireland, where he used his old methods, so that the Irish said " there came not from the time of See also:Herod any one so wicked in evil deeds." In 1449 he served for a short time in Normandy. When in 1452 the Gascons appealed for English help, Shrewsbury was the natural See also:leader of the expedition. He landed in See also:Aquitaine on the 17th of See also:October.

See also:

Bordeaux and the surrounding See also:district returned quickly to their old See also:allegiance, and in the following summer Shrewsbury captured Fronsac. In See also:July the See also:French besieged Castillon. Shrewsbury hurried to its See also:relief, and with foolhardy valour attacked the enemy in their entrenched See also:camp without waiting for his See also:artillery. The English and Gascon footmen charged in vain in See also:face of the French See also:cannon, until Shrewsbury and the See also:flower of his troops had fallen. This happened in July 1453 and was the end of the English See also:rule in See also:Gascony. Shrewsbury's fighting qualities made him something of a popular See also:hero, and in the doggerel of the See also:day he was " Talbot our good See also:dog," whose valour was brought to nought by the See also:treason of See also:Suffolk. But in truth though a brave soldier he was no general. He was twice married, his second wife being See also:Margaret, eldest daughter of Richard See also:Beauchamp, earl of See also:Warwick. He was alleged to be eighty years old at his death; probably he was about sixty-five.

End of Article: SHREWSBURY, JOHN TALBOT, 1ST EARL OF (d. 1453)

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