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See also:SHARP, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES (1618-1679) , Scottish divine, the son of See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William Sharp, See also:sheriff-clerk of See also:Banffshire, and See also:Isabel See also:Leslie or See also:Lesley, daughter of Leslie of Kininvie, of the See also:family of Halyburtons of Pitcur in See also:Angus, was See also:born in See also:Banff See also:Castle on the 4th of May 1618. In 1633 he went to See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King's See also:College, See also:Aberdeen, and graduated in 1637. He there studied divinity for one or two years, Aberdeen being at that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the See also:home of Episcopal sentiment. On the outbreak of the Covenanting See also:war he went to See also:England (1639) and visited See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford and perhaps See also:Cambridge, becoming acquainted with the See also:principal See also:English divines. Upon his return he was chosen in 1643, through the See also:influence of See also:Lord See also:Rothes, to be one of the " regents " of See also:philosophy in St Leonard's College, St See also:Andrews. In See also:December 1647 he went through his See also:ordinary trials for the ministerial See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office before the See also:presbytery of St Andrews, and was appointed See also:minister of Crail in Fifeshire, on the presentation of the See also:earl of See also:Crawford, in See also:January 1648. In the See also:great See also:schism of Resolutioners and Protestors, he, with the large See also:majority of educated men, took active See also:part with the former. As See also:early as See also:March 1651 he was recognized as one of the leading men of the party, and was taken prisoner by See also:Cromwell's forces. For eight months he was kept in the See also:Tower of See also:London, and liberated on See also:parole. His first public employment was in 1656, when he went to London to endeavour to counteract with the See also:Protector the influence of See also:Archibald See also:Johnston, Lord See also:Warriston, who was acting for the Protestors. He displayed all his undoubted talents for small See also:diplomacy, and considerable subtlety in See also:argument, while on this service, and his See also:mission was decidedly successful. He returned to See also:Scotland in 1659, but upon See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
Monk's march to London was again, in See also:February 166o, sent by the Resolutioners to See also:watch over their interests in London, where he arrived on the 13th of February. He was most favour-ably received by Monk, to whom it was of great importance to remain on See also:good terms with the dominant party in Scotland. His letters to See also:Douglas and others during this See also:period, if they may be trusted, are useful towards following the intrigues of the time See also:day by day. In the beginning of May he was despatched by Monk to the king at See also:Breda. His letters on this occasion to Douglas show that he regarded himself equally as the emissary of the Scottish See also:kirk. It is to be noticed that he was also the See also:bearer of a See also:secret See also:letter from See also:Lauderdale to the king. There can be little doubt that while on this mission he was finally corrupted by See also:Charles and See also:Clarendon, not indeed so far as to make up his mind to betray the kirk, but at any See also:rate to decide in no way to imperil his own chances by too See also:firm an integrity. The first thing that aroused the See also:jealousy of his brethren was his See also:writing from See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland in See also:commendation of Clarendon. This jealousy was increased on his return to London (May 26) by his plausible endeavours to stop all coming of Presbyterian cornmissioners from Scotland and See also:Ireland, though he professed to See also:desire the presence of Douglas and See also:Dickson, by his urgent See also:advice that the Scots should not interfere in the restoration of See also:Episcopacy in England, and by his endeavours to frustrate the proposed See also:union of Resolutioners and Protestors. He informedthem that See also:Presbyterianism was a lost cause in England, but as See also:late as See also:August 1 z he intimated that, though there had been great danger for the Scottish kirk as well, this danger had been constantly and successfully warded off by his efforts. He returned to Scotland in this See also:month, and busied himself in endeavouring to remove all suspicions of his See also:loyalty to the kirk; but at the same time he successfully stopped all petitions from Scottish ministers to king, See also:parliament or See also:council. His letters to See also:Drummond, a Presbyterian minister in London, and to See also:Lauder-See also:dale, without absolutely committing him, show clearly that he was certain that Episcopacy was about to be set up. How far he was actively a traitor in the See also:matter had always been disputed until the question was set at See also:rest by the See also:discovery of his letter, dated May 21, from London, whither he went in See also:April 1661, to See also:Middleton, the high See also:commissioner, whose See also:chaplain he now was, showing that he was in confidential communication with Clarendon and the English bishops, that he was earnestly co-operating in the restoration of Episcopacy in Scotland, that he had before leaving Scotland held frequent conferences with Middleton on the subject (a fact which he had vehemently denied) and was aware that Middleton had all along intended it, and that he See also:drew up the quibbling See also:proclamation of See also:June 1o, the See also:sole purpose of which was " the disposing of minds to acquiesce in the king's See also:pleasure." The See also:original of this letter (which is printed in the Lauderdale Papers and in the Scottish See also:Review) is preserved in the Museum of the Society of Antiquaries, See also:Edinburgh. It should be noticed that as late as the end of April, on the See also:eve of starting on his mission to See also:court with Rothes and Glencairne, he declared to See also:Baillie that no See also:change in the kirk was intended. The See also:mask was at length dropped in August, when Episcopacy was restored, and Sharp was appointed See also:archbishop of St Andrews. He and See also:Leighton, Fairfoul and See also:- HAMILTON
- HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
- HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
- HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
- HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
- HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
- HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
- HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
- HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
- HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
- HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
- HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
- HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
- HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
- HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
- HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)
Hamilton " were dubbed, first See also:preaching deacons, then presbyters, and then consecrated bishops in one day, by Dr See also:Sheldon and a few others." On April 8th the new prelates entered Scotland, and on the loth of April 1662 Sharp preached his first See also:sermon at St Andrews.
Sharp had carefully kept on good terms with Lauderdale, and when the See also:Billeting See also:Plot was concocted in See also:September 1662 against the latter by Middleton, he managed to avoid acting against him; indeed it is probable that, after being appointed under an See also:oath of secrecy to be one of the scrutineers of the billets, he, in violation of the oath, was the cause of Lauderdale receiving timely See also:information of the decision against him; and yet he shortly went up to London to explain the whole affair in Middleton's See also:interest. When Lauderdale's supremacy was established he readily co-operated in passing the See also:National See also:Synod See also:Act in 1663, the first step in the intended subjection of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church to the See also:crown. In 1664 he was again in London, returning in April, having secured the See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant of a new church See also:commission. So oppressive was his conduct and that of others of the bishops that it called forth a written protest from See also:- GILBERT
- GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
- GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
- GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
- GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
- GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
- GILBERT, J
- GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
- GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
- GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
- GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
- GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
- GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )
Gilbert See also:Burnet. Sharp at once summoned him before the bishops and endeavoured to obtain a See also:sentence of deprivation and See also:excommunication against him, but was overruled by his brethren. On the See also:death of Glencairne, the See also:chancellor's greatest efforts were made to secure the vacant office for Sharp, and he was not inactive in his own interest; the See also:place was not, however, filled up until 1667, and then by the See also:appointment of Rothes. He was in strict See also:alliance with Rothes, Hamilton and See also:Dalyell, and the other leaders of oppression, and now placed himself in opposition to the influence of Lauderdale, attacking his See also:friends, and especially the earl of Kincardine. In 1665 he was again in London, where, through his own folly and mendacity, he suffered a See also:complete humiliation at the hands of Lauderdale, well described by the historian Burnet. The result of their See also:system of violence and See also:extortion was the rising of the See also:Covenanters, during which, being in temporary See also:charge during Rothes's See also:absence, he showed, according to See also:Bellenden, the utmost fear, equalled only by his See also:cruelty to the prisoners after the rout of Pentland. When the See also:convention of estates met in January 1667 Hamilton was substituted for him as See also:president. He now
wrote letters of the most whining contrition to Lauderdale, who extended him a careless reconciliation. For a time he made himself actively useful, and helped to restrain. his brethren from writing to London to complain of the conciliation policy which for a while Lauderdale carried out. On See also:July to, 1668 an See also:attempt was made upon his See also:life by James See also:Mitchell, who fired a See also:pistol at him while See also:driving through the streets of Edinburgh. The shot, however, missed Sharp, though his See also:companion, the See also:bishop of See also:Orkney, was wounded by it, and Mitchell for the time escaped. In August Sharp went up to London, returning in December, and with his assistance See also:Tweeddale's tolerant proposals for filling the vacant parishes with some of the " outed " ministers were carried out. In the debates on the Supremacy Act, by which Lauderdale destroyed the See also:autonomy of the church, Sharp at first showed reluctance to put in See also:motion the desired policy, but gave way upon the first pressure. When, however, Leighton, as archbishop of See also:Glasgow, endeavoured to carry out a comprehensive See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme, Sharp actively opposed him, and expressed his joy at the failure of the attempt. From this time he was completely subservient to Lauderdale, who had now finally determined upon a career of oppression, and in 1674 he was again in London to support this policy. In this See also:year also Mitchell, who had shot at him six years before, was arrested, and, upon Sharp's promise to obtain a See also:pardon, privately made a full See also:confession. When Mitchell later claimed this promise, Sharp denied that any such promise had been given. His falsehood was proved by the entry of the act in the records of the court. Mitchell was finally condemned, but a See also:reprieve would have been granted had not Sharp himself insisted on his death. This was speedily avenged. On the 3rd of May 1679, as he was driving with his daughter Isabel to St Andrews, he was set upon by nine men, and, in spite of the appeals of his daughter, was cruelly murdered. The place of the See also:murder, on Magus See also:Muir, now covered with See also:fir trees, is marked by a See also:monument erected by See also:Dean See also:Stanley, with a Latin inscription recording the See also:deed.
Unless otherwise mentioned, the proofs of the statements in this See also:article will be found in vols. i. and ii. of the Lauderdale Papers (See also:Camden Society) and in two articles in the Scottish Review, July 1884 and January 1885.
End of Article: SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
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