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BANFF

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 313 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BANFF , a royal, municipal and See also:

police See also:burgh, seaport and See also:capital of See also:Banffshire, See also:Scotland. Pop. (1901) 7161. It is beautifully situated on high ground, on the See also:left See also:bank of the mouth of the Deveron, 50 M. N.W. of See also:Aberdeen by the See also:Great See also:North of Scotland railway. It is a See also:place of great antiquity, its first See also:charter"having been granted by See also:Malcolm IV, in 1163, and further privileges were conferred by See also:Robert See also:Bruce in 1324 and Robert II. in 1372. Of the old See also:castle on the See also:hill by the See also:sea, in which See also:Archbishop See also:Sharp was See also:born, scarcely a trace remains; but upon its site was erected the See also:modern Banff Castle, belonging to the See also:earl of See also:Seafield. The See also:chief public edifices include the See also:county buildings; See also:town See also:hall, surmounted by a See also:spire 10o ft. high; See also:Chalmers See also:hospital (founded by See also:Alexander Chalmers of Clunie, a See also:merchant and shipowner of the town); a masonic hall of tasteful See also:design; and the See also:academy, a modern structure in the Grecian See also:style, to which there is attached an extensive museum, containing examples of the See also:early See also:mechanical See also:genius of See also:James See also:Ferguson, the astronomer. Of the museum, which originally belonged to the defunct Banff Institution and was afterwards taken over by the town See also:council, See also:Thomas Edward—the " working naturalist," whose See also:life was so sympathetically written by See also:Samuel Smiles—was See also:curator for a few years. The See also:principal manufactures comprise woollens, See also:leather, rope and sails, and there are also breweries, distilleries, See also:iron foundries, See also:brick-yards and See also:timber-yards, besides some See also:ship-See also:building. The fishing See also:trade is also important. The exports mainly consist of See also:grain, See also:cattle, See also:fish, See also:dairy produce and potatoes; the imports of See also:coal and timber, There is a railway station at See also:Bridge of Banff communicating, via Inveramsay, with Aberdeen, and another at the See also:harbour, communicating with Portsoy and See also:Keith.

The burgh is under the See also:

jurisdiction of a See also:provost and council, and unites with See also:Macduff, See also:Elgin, See also:Cullen, See also:Inverurie, See also:Kintore and See also:Peterhead in returning one member to See also:parliament. The Cassie See also:Gift arose out of a See also:bequest by Alexander Cassie of See also:London, a native of Banff, who left £20,000 to the poor of the town—the See also:interest being divided twice a See also:year. See also:Duff See also:House, immediately adjoining the town, is a seat of the See also:duke of See also:Fife. It was built in 1740-1945, after designs by Robert See also:Adam, at a cost of £70,000. The duke of See also:Cumberland rested here on the way to See also:Culloden. The house contains a See also:fine collection of pictures and an interesting armoury. The See also:park is nearly ten See also:miles in circumference. The house, together with that portion of the park immediately surrounding it (about 140 acres), was presented to the towns of Banff and Macduff by the duke of Fife in See also:November 1906.

End of Article: BANFF

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BANER (BANNER, BANTER), JOHAN (1596-1641)
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