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ELGIN , a royal, municipal and See also:police See also:burgh, and See also:county See also:town of See also:Elginshire, See also:Scotland, situated on the Lossie, 5 m. S. of See also:Lossiemouth its See also:port, on the See also:Moray See also:Firth, and 714 M. N.W. of See also:Aberdeen, with stations on the See also:Great See also:North of Scotland and Highland See also:railways. Pop. (1901) 8460. It is a See also:place of very considerable antiquity, was created a royal burgh by See also:Alexander I., and received its See also:charter from Alexander II. in 1234. See also:Edward I. stayed at the See also:castle in 1296 and 1303, and it was to blot out the memory of his visit that the See also:building was destroyed immediately after See also:national See also:independence had been reasserted.
The See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
hill on which it stood was renamed the Ladyhill, and on the scanty ruins of the castle now stands a See also:monument to the 5th See also:duke of See also:Gordon, consisting of a See also:column surmounted by a statue.
The burgh has suffered periodically from See also:fire, notably in 1452, when See also:half of it was burnt by the See also:earl of See also:Huntly. See also:Montrose plundered it twice in 1645. In 1746 See also:Prince See also:Charles Edward spent a few days in Thunderton See also:House. His hostess, Mrs See also:- ANDERSON
- ANDERSON, ADAM (1692—1765)
- ANDERSON, ALEXANDER (c. 1582-1620?)
- ANDERSON, ELIZABETH GARRETT (1836— )
- ANDERSON, JAMES (1662—1728)
- ANDERSON, JAMES (1739-1808)
- ANDERSON, JOHN (1726-1796)
- ANDERSON, MARY (1859– )
- ANDERSON, RICHARD HENRY (1821–1879)
- ANDERSON, ROBERT (1750–1830)
- ANDERSON, SIR EDMUND (1530-1605)
Anderson, an ardent Jacobite, kept the sheets in which he slept, and was buried in them on her See also:death, twenty-five years after-wards. For fifty years after this date the place retained the See also:character and traditions of a sleepy See also:cathedral See also:city, but with the approach of the 19th See also:century it was touched by a more See also:modern spirit. As the result much that was picturesque disappeared, but the prosperity of Elgin was increased, so that now, owing to its pleasant situation in " the See also:Garden of Scotland," its healthy See also:climate, cheap living, and excellent educational facilities, it has become a flourishing community. The centre of See also:interest is the cathedral of Moray, which was founded in 1224, when the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of the See also:Holy Trinity was converted to this use. It was partially burned in 1270 and almost destroyed in 1390 by Alexander See also:- STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY (1803-1876)
- STEWART, BALFOUR (1828-1887)
- STEWART, CHARLES (1778–1869)
- STEWART, DUGALD (1753-1828)
- STEWART, J
- STEWART, JOHN (1749—1822)
- STEWART, JULIUS L
- STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (1824–19o0)
- STEWART, SIR HERBERT (1843—1885)
- STEWART, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1540—c. 1605)
- STEWART, STUART
- STEWART, WILLIAM (c. 1480-c. 1550)
Stewart, the See also:Wolf of See also:Badenoch, natural son of See also:Robert II., who had incurred the censure of the Church. In 1402 Alexander, See also:lord of the Isles, set fire to the town, but spared the cathedral for a See also:consideration, in memory of which See also:mercy the Little See also:Cross (so named to distinguish it from the Muckle or See also:Market Cross, restored in 1888) was erected. After these outrages it was practically rebuilt on a See also:scale of grandeur that made it the most magnificent example of church See also:architecture in the north. Its See also:design was that of a See also:Jerusalem cross, with two flanking towers at the See also:east end, two at the See also:west end, and one in the centre, at the intersection of the See also:roofs of the See also:nave and transepts. It measured 282 ft. See also:long from east to west by 120 ft. across the transepts, and consisted of the See also:choir, the gable of which was pierced by two tiers of five See also:lancet windows and the Omega See also:rose window; the north See also:transept, in which the Dunbars were buried, and the See also:south transept, the See also:doorway of which is interesting for its See also:dog's-tooth ornamentation; and the nave of five aisles. The See also:grand entrance was by the richly carved west See also:door, above which was the See also:Alpha window. The central See also:steeple See also:fell in 1506, but was rebuilt, the new See also:tower with its See also:spire reaching a height of 198 ft. By 1538 the edifice was See also:complete in every See also:part. Though the See also:Reformation See also:left it unscathed, it suffered wanton violence from See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time to time. By See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of the privy See also:council the See also:lead was stripped off the roofs in 1567 and sold to See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland to pay the troops; but the See also:ship conveying the spoils foundered in the North See also:Sea. In 1637 the roof-See also:- TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
- TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )
tree of the choir perished during a See also:gale, and three years later the See also:rich See also:timber See also:screen was demolished. The central tower again collapsed in 1711, after which the edifice was allowed to go to ruin. Its stones were carted away, and the See also:churchyard, overgrown with weeds, became the dumping-ground for rubbish. It See also:lay thus scandalously neglected until 1824, when See also:John Shanks, a " drouthy " cobbler, was appointed keeper. By a See also:species of See also:inspiration this See also:man, hitherto a ne'er-do-well, conceived the notion of restoring the place to order. Undismayed, he attacked the See also:mass of See also:litter and with his own hands removed 3000 See also:barrow-loads. When he died in 1841 he had cleared away all the rubbish, disclosed the See also:original See also:plan, and collected a quantity of fragments. A tablet, let into the See also:wall, contains an See also:epitaph by Lord See also:Cockburn, recording Shanks's services to the See also:- VENERABLE (Lat. venerabilis, worthy of reverence, venerari, to reverence, to worship, allied to Venus, love; the Indo-Germ. root is wen-, to desire, whence Eng. " win, properly to struggle for, hence to gain)
venerable See also:pile, which has since been entrusted to the custody of the commissioners of See also:woods and forests. The See also:chapter-house, to the north-east of the See also:main structure, suffered least of all the buildings, and contains a 'Prentice See also:pillar, of which a similar See also:story is told to that of the ornate column in Roslin See also:chapel. In the lavatory, or See also:vestibule connecting the chapter-house with the choir, Marjory Anderson, a poor half-crazy creature, a soldier's widow, took up her quarters in 1748. She cradled her son in the See also:piscina and lived on charity. In the course of time the lad joined the See also:army and went to See also:India, where he rose to the See also:rank of See also:major-See also:general and amassed a See also:fortune of £70,000 with which he endowed the Elgin Institution (commonly known as the Anderson Institution) at the east end of High
See also:Street, for the See also:education of youth and the support of old See also:age. Within the precincts of the cathedral grounds stood the See also:bishop's See also:palace (now in ruins), the houses of the See also:dean and See also:archdeacon (now North and South Colleges), and the manses of the canons. Other ecclesiastical buildings were the monasteries of Blackfriars (1230) and Greyfriars (1410) and the preceptory of Maisondieu (1240). They also were permitted to fall into decay, but the 3rd See also:marquess of See also:Bute undertook the restoration of the See also:Grey-friars' chapel. The See also:parish church, in the See also:Greek See also:style, was built in 1828. See also:- GRAY
- GRAY (or GREY), WALTER DE (d. 1255)
- GRAY, ASA (1810-1888)
- GRAY, DAVID (1838-1861)
- GRAY, ELISHA (1835-1901)
- GRAY, HENRY PETERS (1819-18/7)
- GRAY, HORACE (1828–1902)
- GRAY, JOHN DE (d. 1214)
- GRAY, JOHN EDWARD (1800–1875)
- GRAY, PATRICK GRAY, 6TH BARON (d. 1612)
- GRAY, ROBERT (1809-1872)
- GRAY, SIR THOMAS (d. c. 1369)
- GRAY, THOMAS (1716-1771)
Gray's See also:hospital, at the west end of High Street, was endowed by Dr Alexander Gray (1751-1808), and at the east end stands the Institution, already mentioned, founded by General See also:Andrew Anderson (1746-1822). Other public buildings include the See also:assembly rooms, the town-See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall, the museum (in which the antiquities and natural See also:history of the See also:shire are abundantly illustrated), the See also:district See also:asylum, the See also:academy, the county buildings and the See also:court house, the market buildings, the See also:Victoria school of See also:science and See also:art, and See also:Lady Gordon-See also:Cumming's See also:children's See also:home. In 1903 Mr G. A. See also:- COOPER
- COOPER (or COUPER), THOMAS (c. 1517-1594)
- COOPER, ABRAHAM (1787—1868)
- COOPER, ALEXANDER (d. i66o)
- COOPER, CHARLES HENRY (18o8-1866)
- COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE (1789-1851)
- COOPER, PETER (1791-1883)
- COOPER, SAMUEL (1609-1672)
- COOPER, SIR ASTLEY PASTON (1768-1841)
- COOPER, THOMAS (1759–1840)
- COOPER, THOMAS (1805–1892)
- COOPER, THOMAS SIDNEY (1803–1902)
Cooper presented his native town with a public See also:park of 42 acres, containing lakes representing on a See also:miniature scale the See also:British Isles. See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
Grant See also:Lodge, an old See also:mansion of the Grant See also:family, occupying the south-west corner of the park, was converted into the public library. From the See also:top of Ladyhill the view commands the links of the Lossie and the surrounding See also:country, and a recreation ground is laid out on Lossie See also:Green.
The See also:industries include distilling and See also:brewing, nursery gardening, tanning, saw and See also:flour See also:mills, See also:iron-foundries and manufactures of woollens, tweeds and plaiding, and the See also:quarrying of See also:sandstone. Elgin combines with See also:Banff, See also:Cullen, See also:Inverurie, See also:Kintore and See also:Peterhead to return one member to See also:parliament, and the town is controlled by a council with See also:provost and bailies.
Two See also:miles and a half S. by W. of Elgin stands the church of Birnie, with the exception of the church at Mortlach in See also:Banffshire probably the See also:oldest place of public See also:worship in Scotland still in use. It is not later than 1150 and, with its predecessor, was the cathedral of Moray during the See also:rule of the first four bishops; the See also:fourth bishop, See also:Simon de Toeny, an Englishman, was buried in its precincts in 1184. In the church is preserved an old See also:Celtic See also:altar-See also:- BELL
- BELL, ALEXANDER MELVILLE (1819—1905)
- BELL, ANDREW (1753—1832)
- BELL, GEORGE JOSEPH (1770-1843)
- BELL, HENRY (1767-1830)
- BELL, HENRY GLASSFORD (1803-1874)
- BELL, JACOB (1810-1859)
- BELL, JOHN (1691-178o)
- BELL, JOHN (1763-1820)
- BELL, JOHN (1797-1869)
- BELL, ROBERT (1800-1867)
- BELL, SIR CHARLES (1774—1842)
bell of hammered iron, known as the " Ronnell bell." Such is the odour of sanctity of this venerable church that there is an old See also:local saying that " to be thrice prayed for in the See also:kirk of Birnie will either mend or end ye." Six miles to the S.W. of Elgin, charmingly situated in a secluded valley encircled by See also:fir-clad heights, See also:lie the picturesque remains of Pluscarden Priory, a Cistercian house founded by Alexander II. in 1230. The ruins, consisting of tower, choir, chapter-house, See also:refectory and other apartments, are nearly hidden from view by their dense coating of See also:ivy and the See also:fine old trees, including many beautiful examples of See also:copper See also:beech, by which they are surrounded. Its last See also:prior, Alexander See also:Dunbar, died in 156o. The See also:Liber Pluscardensis, a valuable authority on See also:early Scots history, was compiled in the priory by See also:Maurice See also:Buchanan in 1461. The See also:chronicle comes down to the death of See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James I. The 3rd marquess of Bute acquired the ruins in 1897.
End of Article: ELGIN
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