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BUTE

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 879 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BUTE , the most important, though not the largest, of the islands constituting the See also:

COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county of the same name, in the See also:

Firth of See also:

Clyde, See also:

Scotland, about 18 m. S.W. of See also:

GREENOCK

Greenock and 40 m., by See also:

WATER

water, from See also:

GLASGOW

Glasgow. It is hounded on the N. and W. by the lovely Kyles of Bute, the narrow winding strait which separates it from See also:

ARGYLLSHIRE

Argyllshire, on the E. by the Firth of Clyde, and on the S. and S.W. by the See also:

Sound of Bute, about 6 m. wide, which divides it from See also:

Arran. Its See also:

AREA

area is about 49 sq. m., or31,161 acres. It lies in a N.W. to S.E. direction, and its greatest length from Buttock Point on the Kyles to Garroch See also:

Head on the Firth of Clyde is 151 M. Owing to indentations its width varies from 1* m. to 41 M. There are piers at Kilchattan, Craigmore, See also:

PORT

Port See also:

BANNATYNE, GEORGE (1545—? 1608)

Bannatyne and See also:

ROTHESAY

Rothesay, but Rothesay is practically the See also:

HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour for the whole See also:

ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island. Here there is See also:

REGULAR

regular communication by railway steamers from Craigendoran, See also:

Prince's See also:

PIER (older forms per or Pere, from Med. Lat. pera; the word for piers out of water. For river piers, where a firm, watertight is of obscure origin, and the connexion with Fr. Pierre, Lat. stratum is found at a moderate depth below the river-bed, the pctr

Pier (Greenock), See also:

GOUROCK

Gourock and See also:

Wemyss See also:

Bay, and by frequent vessels from the Broomielaw See also:

BRIDGE

Bridge in Glasgow and other points on the Clyde. Pop. (1891) 11,735; (1901) 12,162. The See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal hills are in the See also:

north, where the See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief are See also:

KAMES, HENRY HOME, LORD (1696-1782)

Kames See also:

Hill (911 ft.) and See also:

KILBRIDE, WEST

Kilbride Hill (836 ft.). The streams are mostly See also:

burns, and there are six lochs.

See also:

LOCH, HENRY BROUGHAM LOCH, 1ST BARON (1827-1900)

Loch Fad, about 1 m. S. of Rothesay, 21 M. See also:

long by a m. wide, was the source of the See also:

POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power used in the Rothesay See also:

cotton-See also:

SPINNING (from O. Eng. spinnen, to spin, cf. Ger. spinnen, &c., the Teut. root is seen, to draw out, cf. span, spider)

spinning See also:

mill, which was the first See also:

ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of the See also:

KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind erected in Scotland. In 1827 on its western See also:

SHORE

shore See also:

Edmund See also:

KEAN, EDMUND (1787–1833)

Kean built a cottage afterwards occupied by See also:

Sheridan See also:

Knowles. It now belongs to the See also:

marquess of Bute. From Loch Ascog, fully 1 m. long, Rothesay derives its water See also:

SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply. The other lakes are Loch Quien, Loch Greenan, Dhu Loch and Loch See also:

Bull. Glen More in the north and Glen Callum in the See also:

south are the only glens of any See also:

SIZE

size. The See also:

CLIMATE

climate is mild and healthful, fuchsias and other See also:

PLANTS

plants flowering even in See also:

winter, and neither See also:

SNOW (in O. Eng. sndw; a common Indo-European word; cf. in Teutonic languages, Ger. Schnee, Du. sneeuw; in Slavonic snieg', Lith. snegas; Gr. vi4a, Lat. nix, nivis, whence the Romanic forms, Ital. neve, Fr. neige, &c.; Ir. and Gael. sneachd; the original

snow nor See also:

frost being of long continuance, and less See also:

RAIN (O.E. regn; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Regen, Swed. and Dan. regn; it has been connected with Lat. rigare, to wet, Gr. 13pixeav)

rain falling than in many parts of the western See also:

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast. Some two-thirds of the area, mostly in the centre and south, are arable, yielding excellent crops of potatoes for the Glasgow See also:

MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market, oats and turnips; the See also:

REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest consists of hill pastures and plantations. The See also:

FISHERIES

fisheries are of considerable value. There is no lack of See also:

SANDSTONE

sandstone, See also:

SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

slate and whinstone. Some See also:

COAL

coal exists, but it is of inferior quality and doubtful quantity.

At Kilchattan a See also:

SUPERIOR

superior See also:

clay for bricks and tiles is found, and See also:

grey See also:

GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite susceptible of high See also:

POLISH

polish. The island is divided geologically into two areas by a See also:

FAULT (Mid. Eng. faute, through the French, from the popular Latin use of fallere, to fail; the originallof the Latin being replaced in English in the 15th century)

fault See also:

RUNNING

running from Rothesay Bay in a south-south-See also:

west direction by Loch Fad to Scalpsie Bay, which, throughout its course, coincides with a well-marked depression. The See also:

TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract lying to the north-west of this dislocation is composed of the metamorphic rocks of the Eastern High-lands. The See also:

DUNOON

Dunoon phyllites See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form a narrow See also:

belt about a mile and a See also:

HALF

half broad See also:

CROSSING

crossing the island between Kames Bay and Etterick Bay, while the area to the north is occupied by grits and See also:

SCHISTS (Gr. vxq'ecv, to split)

schists which may be the western prolongations of the Beinn Bheula See also:

GROUP

group. Near Rothesay and along the hill slopes west of Loch Fad there are parallel strips of grits and phyllites. That See also:

PART

part of the island lying to the See also:

east of this dislocation consists chiefly of Upper Old Red Sandstone strata, dipping generally in a See also:

WESTERLY

westerly or south-westerly direction. At the extreme south end, between Kilchattan and Garroch Head, these conglomerates and sandstones are overlaid by a thick cornstone or dolomitic See also:

LIMESTONE

limestone marking the upper limit of the formation, which is surmounted by the See also:

CEMENT (from Lat. caementum, rough pieces of stone, a shortened form of caedimentum, from caedere, to cut)

cement-stones and contemporaneous lavas of See also:

LOWER

Lower Carboniferous See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age. The bedded volcanic rocks which form a See also:

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of ridges trending north-west comprise porphyritic basalts, See also:

ANDESITE

andesite, and, near Port Luchdach, brownish See also:

TRACHYTE (Gr. rpaxus, rough)

trachyte. Near the See also:

BASE

base of the volcanic series intrusive igneous rocks of Carboniferous age appear in the form of sills and bosses, as, for instance,the See also:

OVAL (Lat. ovum, egg)

oval See also:

mass of See also:

OLIVINE

olivine-See also:

BASALT

basalt on Suidhe Hill. Remnants of raised beaches are conspicuous in Bute. One of the well-known localities for See also:

ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

arctic shelly See also:

CLAYS, PAUL JEAN (1819-1900)

clays occurs at Kilchattan See also:

BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick-See also:

WORKS

works, where the dark red clay rests on tough See also:

boulder-clay and may be regarded as of See also:

LATE

late glacial age. As to the origin of the name of Bute, there is some doubt.

It has been held to come from both (Irish for " a See also:

CELL (from Lat. cella, probably from an Indo-European kal —seen in Lat. celare, to hide; another suggestion connects the word with Lat. cera, wax, taking the original meaning to refer to the honeycomb)

cell "), in allusion to the cell which St See also:

BRENDAN, BRANDON

Brendan erected in the island in the 6th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century; others contend that it is derived from the See also:

BRITISH

British words ey budh (Gaelic, ey bhiod), " the island of See also:

corn " (i.e. See also:

food), in reference to its fertility, notable in contrast with the barrenness of the Western Isles and See also:

HIGHLANDS, THE

Highlands. Bute was probably first colonized by the vanguard of Scots who came over from See also:

Ireland, and at intervals the Norsemen also secured a footing for longer or shorter periods. In those days the Butemen were also called Brandanes, after the See also:

SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint. Attesting the antiquity of the island, " Druidical " monuments, barrows, See also:

cairns and cists are numerous, as well as the remains of See also:

ancient chapels. In virtue of a See also:

CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter granted by See also:

James IV. in 15o6, the numerous small proprietors took the See also:

TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title .of " See also:

baron," which became hereditary in their families. Now the title is practically See also:

EXTINCT

extinct, the lands conferring it having with very few exceptions passed by See also:

PURCHASE

purchase into the See also:

possession of the marquess of Bute, the proprietor of nearly the whole island. His seat, See also:

MOUNT, WILLIAM SIDNEY (1807-1868)

Mount See also:

Stuart, about 42 M. from Rothesay by the shore road, is finely situated on the eastern coast. Port Bannatyne (pop. 1165), 2 M. north by west of Rothesay, is a flourishing watering-See also:

PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, named after See also:

Lord Bannatyne (1743-1833), a See also:

JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge of the See also:

court of session, one of the founders of the Highland and Agricultural Society in 1784. Near to it is Kames See also:

Castle, where See also:

John See also:

Sterling, famous for See also:

Carlyle's See also:

BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 18o6. Kilchattan, in the south-east of the island, is a favourite summer resort. Another See also:

OBJECT

object of See also:

INTEREST

interest is St See also:

BLANE, SIR GILBERT (1749-1834)

Blane's See also:

CHAPEL

Chapel, picturesquely situated about a m. from Dunagoil Bay.

Off the western shore of Bute, ; m. from St See also:

NINIAN, ST

Ninian's Point, lies the island of Inchmarnock, 2 M. in length and about t m. in width. See J. See also:

Wilson, See also:

Account of Rothesay and Bute (Rothesay, 1848) ; and J. K. Hewison, See also:

HISTORY

History of Bute (1894-1895). . BUTE, or BUTESHIRE, an insular county in the S.W. of Scotland, consisting of the islands of Bute, from which the county takes its name, Inchmarnock, See also:

GREAT

Great Cumbrae, Little Cumbrae, Arran, See also:

HOLY

Holy Island and Pladda, all lying in the Firth of Clyde, between See also:

AYRSHIRE

Ayrshire on the E. and Argyllshire on the W. and N. The area of the county is 140,307 acres, or rather more than 219 sq. m. Pop. (1891) 18,404; (1901) 18,787 (or 86 to the sq. m.). In Igor the number of persons who spoke Gaelic alone was 20, of those speaking Gaelic and See also:

ENGLISH

English 2764. Before the Reform See also:

BILL

Bill of 1832, Buteshire, alternately with See also:

CAITHNESS

Caithness-See also:

SHIRE

shire, sent one member to parliament—Rothesay at the same See also:

time sharing a representative with See also:

Ayr, See also:

CAMPBELTOWN

Campbeltown, See also:

INVERARAY

Inveraray and See also:

IRVINE

Irvine. Rothesay was then merged in the county, which since then has had a member to itself.

Buteshire and See also:

RENFREWSHIRE

Renfrewshire form one sheriffdom, with a See also:

SHERIFF

sheriff-substitute See also:

RESIDENT

resident in Rothesay who also sits periodically at Brodick and Millport. The See also:

CIRCUIT (Lat. circuitus, from circum, round, and ire, to go)

circuit courts are held at Inveraray. The county is under school-See also:

BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board See also:

jurisdiction, and there is a secondary school at Rothesay. The county See also:

COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council subsidizes technical See also:

EDUCATION

education in See also:

agriculture at Glasgow and See also:

KILMARNOCK

Kilmarnock. The See also:

STAPLE

staple crops are oats and potatoes, and See also:

CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle, See also:

sheep and horses are reared. See also:

SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

Seed-growing is an extensive See also:

INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry, and the fisheries are considerable. The Rothesay See also:

FISHERY (LAW OF)

fishery See also:

DISTRICT

district includes all the creeks in Buteshire and a few in See also:

ARGYLL, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Argyll and See also:

DUMBARTON

Dumbarton shires, the See also:

CUMBRAES, THE

Cumbraes being grouped with the Greenock district. The See also:

HERRING (Clupea harengus, Haring in German, le hareng in French, sill in Swedish)

herring fishery begins in See also:

JUNE

June, and See also:

white fishing is followed at one or other point all the See also:

YEAR

year See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round. During the See also:

SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season many of the fishermen are employed on the Clyde yachts, Rothesay being a prominent See also:

YACHTING

yachting centre. The exports comprise agricultural produce and See also:

fish, See also:

trade being actively carried on between the county ports of Rothesay, Millport, Brodick and Lamlash and the See also:

main-See also:

LAND

land ports of Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock, See also:

ARDROSSAN

Ardrossan and Wemyss Bay, with all of which there is regular steamer communication throughout the year.

End of Article: BUTE

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