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CLYDE, COLIN CAMPBELL, BARON (1792-1863)

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 572 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CLYDE, See also:COLIN See also:CAMPBELL, See also:BARON (1792-1863) , See also:British soldier, was See also:born at See also:Glasgow on the loth of See also:October 1792. He received his See also:education at the Glasgow high school, and when only sixteen years of See also:age obtained an ensigncy in the 9th See also:foot, through the See also:influence of See also:Colonel Campbell, his maternal See also:uncle. The youthful officer had an See also:early opportunity of engaging in active service. He fought under See also:Sir See also:Arthur See also:Wellesley at Vimiera, took See also:part in the See also:retreat of Sir See also:John See also:Moore, and was See also:present at the See also:battle of See also:Corunna. He shared in all the fighting of the See also:Peninsular See also:campaigns, and was severely wounded while leading a storming-party at the attack on See also:San See also:Sebastian. He was again wounded at the passage of the Bidassoa, and compelled to return to See also:England, when his conspicuous gallantry was rewarded by promotion without See also:purchase. Campbell held a command in the See also:American expedition of 1814; and after the See also:peace of the following See also:year he devoted himself to studying the theoretical branches of his profession. In 1823 he quelled the See also:negro insurrection in See also:Demerara, and two years later obtained his See also:majority by purchase. In 1832 he became See also:lieutenant-colonel of the 98th foot, and with that See also:regiment rendered distinguished service in the See also:Chinese See also:War of 1842. Campbell was next employed in the See also:Sikh War of 1848-49, under See also:Lord See also:Gough. At See also:Chillianwalla, where he was wounded, and at the decisive victory of See also:Gujrat, his skill and valour largely contributed to the success of the British arms; and his " steady coolness and military precision " were highly praised in See also:official despatches. He was made a K.C.B. in 1849, and specially named in the thanks of See also:parliament.

After rendering important services in See also:

India Sir Colin Campbell returned See also:home in 1853. Next year the See also:Crimean War See also:broke out, and he accepted the command of the Highland See also:brigade, which formed part of the See also:duke of See also:Cambridge's See also:division. The brigade and its See also:leader distinguished themselves very greatly at the See also:Alma; and with his " thin red See also:line " of Highlanders he repulsed the See also:Russian attack on See also:Balaklava. At the See also:close of the war Sir Colin was promoted to be See also:knight See also:grand See also:cross of the See also:Bath, and elected honorary D.C.L. of See also:Oxford. His military services, however, had as yet met with tardy recognition; but, when the crisis came, his true See also:worth was appreciated. The outbreak of the See also:Indian See also:Mutiny (q.v.) called for a See also:general of tried experience; and on the 1th of See also:July 1857 the command was offered to him by Lord See also:Palmerston. On being asked when he would be ready to set out, the See also:veteran replied, " Within twenty-four See also:hours." He was as See also:good as his word; he See also:left England the next evening, and reached See also:Calcutta on the 13th of See also:August. After spending upwards of two months in the See also:capital to organize his resources, he started for the front on the 27th of October, and on the 17th of See also:November relieved See also:Lucknow for the second See also:time. Sir Colin, however, considered Lucknow a false position, and once more abandoned it to the rebels, retaking it in See also:March 1858. He continued in See also:charge of the operations in Oudh until the embers of the revolt had died away. For these services he was raised to the See also:peerage, in 1858, as Lord Clyde; and, returning to England in the next year, he received the thanks of both Houses of Parliament and a See also:pension of £2000 a year. He died on the 14th of August 1863.

Though not a See also:

great general, and lacking in the dash which won England so many victories in India, Lord Clyde was at once a brave soldier and a careful and prudent leader. The soldiers whom he led were devotedly attached to him; and his courteous demeanour and manly See also:independence of See also:character won him unvarying respect. See Sir See also:Owen Tudor Burne, Clyde and See also:Strathnairn (" Rulers of India " See also:series, 1891); and L. See also:Shadwell, See also:Life of See also:Cohn Campbell, Lord Clyde (1881).

End of Article: CLYDE, COLIN CAMPBELL, BARON (1792-1863)

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