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STERLING , a See also:term used to denote See also:money of See also:standard See also:weight or quality, especially applied to the See also:English See also:gold See also:sovereign, and hence with the See also:general meaning of recognized See also:worth or authority, genuine, of approved excellence. The word has been generally derived from the name of " Easterlings " given to the See also:North See also:German merchants who came to See also:England in the reign of See also:Edward I. and formed a hansa or gild in See also:London, modelled on the earlier one of the merchants of See also:Cologne. Their coins were of See also:uniform weight and excellence (cf. See also:Matthew See also:Paris, See also:ann. 1247, moneta esterlingorum, propter sui materiem desiderabilem, &c.), and thus
it is supposed gave the name of the moneyers to a coinage of recognized fineness. This theory is based on the statement of See also:Walter de Pinchbeck, a See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
monk of the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of Edward I., " sed moneta Angliae fertur dicta fuisse a nominibus opificum, ut Floreni a nominibus Florentiorum, ita Sterlingi a nominibus Esterlingorum nomina sua contraxerunt, qui hujusmodi monetam in Anglia primitus componebant " (quoted in See also:Wedgwood, Dict. of Eng. Etym.). The word, however, occurs much earlier. The See also:Roman de Rou (118o) has " Pour ses estellins recevoir, ' and " in Anglia unus Sterlingus per solvetur " occurs in an See also:ordinance of See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip of See also:France and See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry II. of England of 1184, both quoted in Du Cange (See also:Gloss. s.v. Esterlingus). The " sterling " was a See also:coin, the See also:silver See also:penny, 240 of which went to the " See also:pound sterling " of silver of 5760 grains, 925 See also:fine, and described in a See also:statute of Edward I., quoted in Du Cange, as " Denarius Angliae qui vocatur Sterlingus." The word was borrowed by all See also:European See also:languages and applied to the English coin and to coins in general of a standard quality; thus we find not only 0. Fr. es/or/in or estellin but M. H. G. sterlinc or staerlinc, Ital. sterlino. &c. It would seem therefore that the term was applied to a coin of recognized quality before the North German merchants were established in London and that its origin should be found in a native English word. Two suggestions have been made; one that it represents an O. Eng. steorling, i.e. little See also:star, from a See also:device on an See also:early coin, such as is found on some of See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William II., or O. Eng. staerling, See also:starling, from the birds, which however may be doves, on the coins of Edward the See also:Confessor. (See Du Cange, Gloss. s.v. Esterlingus; and See also:Skeat, Etym. See also:Diet. 1910, S.V.
End of Article: STERLING
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