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MATTHEW, TOBIAS

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 896 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MATTHEW, TOBIAS , or ToBIE (1546-1628), See also:archbishop of See also:York, was the son of See also:Sir See also:John Matthew of See also:Ross in See also:Herefordshire, and of his wife Eleanor Crofton of See also:Ludlow. He was See also:born at See also:Bristol in 1546. He was educated at See also:Wells, and then in See also:succession at University See also:College and See also:Christ See also:Church, See also:Oxford. He proceeded B.A. in 1564, and M.A. in 1566. He attracted the favourable See also:notice of See also:Queen See also:Elizabeth, and his rise was steady though not very rapid. He was public orator in 1569, See also:president of St John's College, Oxford, in 1572, See also:dean of Christ Church in 1576, See also:vice-See also:chancellor of the university in 1579, dean of See also:Durham in 1583, See also:bishop of Durham in 1595, and archbishop of York in 16o6. In 1581 he had a controversy with the Jesuit See also:Edmund See also:Campion, and published at Oxford his arguments in 1638 under the See also:title, Piissimi et eminentissimi viri Tobiae Matthew, archiepiscopi olim Eboracencis concio apologetica adversus Campianam. While in the See also:north he was active in forcing the recusants to conform to the Church of See also:England, See also:preaching hundreds of sermons and carrying out thorough visitations. During his later years he was to some extent in opposition to the See also:administration of See also:James I. He was exempted from attendance in the See also:parliament of 1625 on the ground of See also:age and infirmities, and died on the 29th of See also:March 1628. His wife, Frances, was the daughter of See also:William See also:Barlow, bishop of See also:Chichester. His son, SIR TOBIAS, Or TOBIE, MATTHEW (1577–1655), iS remembered as the correspondent and friend of See also:Francis See also:Bacon.

He was educated at Christ Church, and was See also:

early attached to the See also:court, serving in the See also:embassy at See also:Paris. His debts and dissipations were a See also:great source of sorrow to his See also:father, from whom he is known to have received at different times £14,000, the See also:modern See also:equivalent of which is much larger. He was chosen member for See also:Newport in See also:Cornwall in the parliament of 16or, and member for St Albans in 1604. Before this See also:time he had become the intimate friend of Bacon, whom he replaced as member for St Albans. When See also:peace was made with See also:Spain, on the See also:accession of James I., he wished to travel abroad. His See also:family, who feared his See also:con-version to See also:Roman Catholicism, opposed his wish, but he promised not to go beyond See also:France. When once safe out of England he See also:broke his word and went to See also:Italy. The persuasion of some of his countrymen in See also:Florence, one of whom is said to have been the Jesuit See also:Robert See also:Parsons, and a See also:story he heard of the miraculous liquefaction of the See also:blood of See also:San See also:Januarius at See also:Naples, led to his See also:conversion in 16o6. When he returned to England he was imprisoned, and many efforts were made to obtain his reconversion without success. He would not take the See also:oath of See also:allegiance to the See also:king. In 1608 he was exiled, and remained out of England for ten years, mostly in See also:Flanders and Spain. He returned in 1617, but went abroad again in 1619.

His See also:

friends obtained his leave to return in 1621. At See also:home he was known as the intimate friend of See also:Gondomar, the See also:Spanish See also:ambassador. In 1623 he was sent to join See also:Prince See also:Charles, afterwards Charles I., at See also:Madrid, and was knighted on the 23rd of See also:October of that See also:year. He remained in England till 164o, when he was finally driven abroad by the parliament, which looked upon him as an See also:agent of the See also:pope. He died in the See also:English college in See also:Ghent on the 13th of October 1655. In 1618 he published an See also:Italian See also:translation of Bacon's essays. The " See also:Essay on Friendship " was written for him. He was also the author of a translation of The Confessions of the Incomparable See also:Doctor St See also:Augustine, which led him into controversy. His See also:correspondence was published in See also:London in 166o. For the father, see John Le Neve's See also:Fasti ecclesiae anglicanae (London, 1716), and See also:Anthony See also:Wood's Athenae oxonienses. For the son, the notice in Athenae oxonienses, an abridgment of his autobiographical See also:Historical Relation of his own See also:life, published by See also:Alban See also:Butler in 1795, and A. H.

Matthew and A. Calthrop, Life of Sir Tobie Matthew (London, 1907).

End of Article: MATTHEW, TOBIAS

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