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MITCHELL, MARIA (1818—1889)

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 618 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MITCHELL, MARIA (1818—1889) , See also:American astronomer, was See also:born of Quaker ancestry on the See also:island of See also:Nantucket on the 1st of See also:August 1818. Her See also:father, See also:William Mitchell (1791—1869), was a school teacher and self-taught astronomer, who rated chronometers for Nantucket whalers, was an overseer of Harvard University (1857—1865), and for a See also:time was employed by the See also:United States See also:Coast Survey. As See also:early as 1831 (during the See also:annular See also:eclipse of the See also:sun) she had been her father's assistant in his observations. On the 1st of See also:October 1847 she discovered a telescopic See also:comet (seen by De See also:Vico Oct. 3, by W. R. See also:Dawes Oct. 7, by Madame See also:Rumker Oct. 11), and for this See also:discovery she received a See also:gold See also:medal from the See also:King of See also:Denmark, and was elected (1848) to the American See also:Academy of Arts and Sciences, and (185o) to the American Association for the See also:Advancement of See also:Science. In 1861 she removed from Nantucket to See also:Lynn, where she used a large See also:equatorial See also:telescope presented to her by the See also:women of See also:America; and there she lived until 1865, when she became See also:professor of See also:astronomy and director of the See also:observatory at Vassar See also:College; in 1888 she became professor See also:emeritus. In 1874 she began making photographs of the sun, and for years she made a See also:special study of See also:Jupiter and See also:Saturn. She died at Lynn on the 28th of See also:June 1889.

In 1908 an observatory was established in her See also:

honour at Nantucket. See Phebe Mitchell See also:Kendall, Maria Mitchell: See also:Life, Letters and See also:Journals (See also:Boston, 1896); In Memoriam (See also:Poughkeepsie, 1889), by her See also:pupil and successor at Vassar, See also:Mary W. See also:Whitney; and a See also:sketch by her See also:brother, See also:Henry Mitchell (1830-1902), himself a well-known hydrographer, in the Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, vol. See also:xxv. (1889-189o), pp. 331-343.

End of Article: MITCHELL, MARIA (1818—1889)

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