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See also:WARWICK, See also:RICHARD See also:NEVILLE, See also:EARL OF (1428—1471) , called " the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king-maker," was eldest son of Richard Neville, earl of See also:Salisbury, by Alice, only daughter and heiress of See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas, the last Montacute earl of Salisbury. He was See also:born on the 22nd of See also:November 1428, and whilst still a boy betrothed to See also:Anne, daughter of Richard See also:Beauchamp, earl of Warwick. When her See also:brother's daughter died in 1449, Anne, as only See also:sister of the whole See also:blood, brought her See also:husband the See also:title and See also:chief See also:share of the Warwick estates. Richard Neville thus became the premier earl, and both in See also:power and position excelled his See also:father. Richard, See also:duke of See also:York, was his See also:uncle, so when York became See also:protector in 1453, and Salisbury was made See also:chancellor, it was natural that Warwick should be one of the See also:council. After the king's recovery in 1455 Warwick and his father took up See also:arm's in York's support. Their victory at St Albans on the 22nd of May was due to the fierce See also:energy with which Warwick assaulted and See also:broke the Lancastrian centre. He was rewarded with the important See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of See also:captain of See also:Calais; to his position there he owed his strength during the next five years. Even when York was displaced at bonne, Warwick retained his See also:post, and in 1457 was also made See also:admiral. He was See also:present in See also:February 1458 at the professed reconciliation of the two parties in a loveday at St See also:Paul's, See also:London. During the previous See also:year he had done some See also:good fighting on the See also:march of Calais by See also:land, and kept the See also:sea with vigour; now on his return he distinguished himself in a See also:great fight with See also:Spanish See also:ships off Calais on the 28th of May, and in the autumn by capturing a See also:German See also:salt-See also:fleet on its way to See also:Lubeck. These exploits brought him a See also:prestige and popularity that were distasteful to the See also:home See also:government. Moreover, See also:England was at See also:war neither with See also:Castile nor with the Hanse. Warwick's See also:action may possibly have formed See also:part of some Yorkist See also:design for frustrating the See also:foreign policy of their rivals. At all events there was pretext enough for recalling him to make his See also:defence. Whilst he was at the See also:court at See also:Westminster a brawl occurred between his retainers and some of the royal See also:household. Warwick himself escaped with difficulty, and went back to Calais, alleging that his See also:life had been deliberately attempted. When in the following year a renewal of the war was imminent, Warwick crossed over to England with his trained soldiers from Calais under See also:Sir See also:Andrew See also:Trollope. But at See also:Ludlow on the 12th of See also:October Trollope and his men deserted, and See also:left the Yorkists helpless. Warwick, with his father, his See also:cousin the See also:young See also:Edward of York, and only three followers, made his way to See also:Barnstaple. There they hired a little fishing See also:vessel. The See also:master pleaded that he did not know the Channel, but Warwick resourcefully took command and himself steered a successful course to Calais. He arrived just in See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time to anticipate the duke of See also:Somerset, whom the Lancastrians had sent to supersede him. During the See also:winter Warwick held Calais against Somerset, and sent out a fleet which seized See also:Sandwich and captured See also:Lord See also:Rivers. In the See also:spring he went to See also:Ireland to See also:concert plans with Richard of York. On his return voyage he encountered a See also:superior Lancastrian fleet in the Channel. But See also:Exeter; the See also:rival See also:commander, could not See also:trust his crews and dared not fight.
From Calais Warwick, Salisbury and Edward of York crossed to Sandwich on the 26th of See also:June. A few days later they entered London, whence Warwick at once marched See also:north. On the loth of See also:July he routed the Lancastrians at See also:Northampton, and took the king prisoner. For the See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to spare the See also:commons and slay the lords Warwick was responsible, as also for some later executions at London. Yet when Richard of York was disposed to claim the See also:crown, it was, according to See also:Waurin, Warwick who decided the discussion in favour of a See also:compromise, perhaps from See also:loyalty to See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry, or perhaps from the wish not to See also:change a weak See also:sovereign for a strong. Warwick was in See also:charge of London at the
time when Richard and Salisbury were defeated and slain at See also:Wakefield. The Lancastrians won a second victory at St Albans on the 17th of February 1461, possibly through lack of See also:general-See also:ship on Warwick's part. But in his plans to retrieve the disaster Warwick showed skill and decision. He met Edward of York in See also:Oxfordshire, brought him in See also:triumph to London, had him proclaimed king, and within a See also:month of his defeat at St Albans was marching north in pursuit of the Lancastrians.
The good generalship which won the victory of See also:Towton may have been due to Edward rather than to Warwick, but the new king was of the creation of the powerful earl, who now had his See also:reward. For four years the government was centred undisputedly in the hands of Warwick and his See also:friends. The energy of his brother See also:John, Lord See also:Montagu, frustrated the various attempts of the Lancastrians in the north. In another See also:sphere Warwick himself was determining the lines of See also:English policy on the basis of an See also:alliance with See also:France. The power of the Nevilles seemed to be completed by the promotion of See also:George, the third i,rother, to be See also:archbishop of York. The first check came with the announcement in See also:September 1464 of the king's See also:secret See also:marriage to See also:Elizabeth Woodville. This was particularly distasteful to Warwick, who had but just pledged Edward to a See also:French match. For the time, however, there was no open See also:breach. The trouble began in 1466, when Edward first made Rivers, the See also:queen's father, treasurer, and afterwards threw obstacles in the way of an intended marriage between Warwick's daughter See also:Isabel and George of See also:Clarence, his own next brother. Still in May 1467 Warwick went again with the king's assent to conclude a treaty with France. He returned to find that in his See also:absence Edward, under Woodville's See also:influence, had committed himself definitely to the Burgundian alliance. Warwick retired in dudgeon to his estates, and began to See also:plot in secret for his revenge. In the summer of 1469 he went over to Calais, where Isabel and Clarence were married without the king's knowledge. Meantime he had stirred up the See also:rebellion of See also:Robin of See also:Redesdale in See also:Yorkshire; and when Edward was See also:drawn north Warwick invaded England in arms. The king, outmarched and outnumbered, had to yield himself prisoner, whilst Rivers and his son John were executed. Warwick was apparently content with the overthrow of the Woodvilles, and believed that he had secured Edward's submission. In March 1470 a rebellion in See also:Lincolnshire gave Edward an opportunity to gather an See also:army of his own. When the king alleged that he had found See also:- PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)
proof of Warwick's complicity, the earl, taken by surprise, fled with Clarence to France. There, through the instrumentality of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XI., he was with some difficulty reconciled to See also:Margaret of See also:Anjou, and agreed to marry his second daughter to her son. In September Warwick and Clarence, with the Lancastrian lords, landed at See also:Dartmouth. Edward in his turn had to See also:fly oversea, and for six months Warwick ruled England as See also:lieutenant for Henry VI., who was restored from his See also:prison in the See also:Tower to a nominal See also:throne. But the Lancastrian restoration was unwelcome to Clarence, who began to intrigue with his brother. When in March 1471 Edward landed at Ravenspur, Clarence found an opportunity to join him. Warwick was completely outgenerailed, and at See also:Barnet on the 14th of See also:April was defeated and slain.
Warwick has been made famous by See also:Lytton as " The Last of the Barons." The title suits him as a great feudal lord, who was a good fighter but a poor general, who had more sympathy with the old order than with the new culture. But he was more than this. He had some of the qualities of a strong ruler, and the power to command popularity. He was a skilled diplomatist and an adroit politician. These qualities, with his position as the See also:head of a great See also:family, the chief representative of Beauchamp, See also:Despenser, Montacute and Neville, made him during ten years " the king-maker."
Warwick's only See also:children were his two daughters. Anne, the younger, was married after his See also:death to Richard of See also:Gloucester, the future Richard III. Their husbands shared his See also:inheritance and quarrelled over its See also:division.
End of Article: WARWICK, RICHARD NEVILLE, EARL OF (1428—1471)
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