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LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, f...

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 543 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LIBERTY (See also:Lat. libertas, from See also:liber, See also:free) , generally the See also:state of freedom, especially opposed to subjection, imprisonment or See also:slavery, or with such restricted or figurative meaning as the circumstances imply. The See also:history of See also:political liberty is in See also:modern days identified practically with the progress of civiliza-tion. In a more particular sense, " a liberty " is the See also:term for a See also:franchise, a See also:privilege or See also:branch of the See also:crown's See also:prerogative granted to a subject, as, for example, that of executing legal See also:process; hence the See also:district over which the privilege extends. Such liberties are exempt from the See also:jurisdiction of the See also:sheriff and have See also:separate commissions of the See also:peace, but for purposes of See also:local See also:government See also:form See also:part of the See also:county in which they are situated. The exemption from the jurisdiction of the sheriff was recognized in See also:England by the Sheriffs See also:Act 1887, which provides that the sheriff of a county shall appoint a See also:deputy at the expense of the See also:lord of the liberty, such deputy to reside in or near the liberty. The deputy receives and opens in the sheriff's name all writs, the return or See also:execution of which belongs to the See also:bailiff of the liberty, and issues to the bailiff the See also:warrant required for the due execution of such writs. The bailiff then becomes liable for non-execution, mis-execution or insufficient return of any writs, and in the See also:case of non-return of any See also:writ, if the sheriff returns that he has delivered the writ to a bailiff of a liberty, the sheriff will be ordered to execute the writ not-withstanding the liberty, and must cause the bailiff to attend before the high See also:court of See also:justice and See also:answer why he did not execute the writ. In nautical phraseology various usages of the term are derived from its association with a sailor's leave on See also:shore, e.g. liberty-See also:man, liberty-See also:day, liberty-See also:ticket. A History of Modern Liberty, in eight volumes, of which the third appeared in 1906, has been written by See also:James Mackinnon; see also Lord See also:Acton's lectures, and such See also:works as J. S. See also:Mill's On Liberty and See also:Sir See also:John See also:Seeley's Introduction to Political See also:Science.

End of Article: LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

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