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MEADE, GEORGE GORDON (1815—1872)

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 946 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MEADE, See also:GEORGE See also:GORDON (1815—1872) , See also:American soldier, was See also:born of American parentage at See also:Cadiz, See also:Spain, on the 31st of See also:December 1815. On See also:graduation at the See also:United States Military See also:Academy in 1835, he served in See also:Florida with the 3rd See also:Artillery against the Seminoles. Resigning from the See also:army in 1836, he became a See also:civil engineer See also:awl constructor of See also:railways, and was engaged under the See also:war See also:department in survey See also:work. In 1842 he was appointed a second See also:lieutenant in the See also:corps of the topographical See also:engineers. In the war with See also:Mexico he was on the staffs successively of Generals See also:Taylor, J. See also:Worth and See also:Robert Patterson, and was brevetted for gallant conduct at See also:Monterey. Until the Civil War he was engaged in various See also:engineering See also:works, mainly in connexion with lighthouses, and later as a See also:captain of topographical engineers in the survey of the See also:northern lakes. In 1861 he was appointed brigadier-See also:general of See also:volunteers, and had command of the 2nd See also:brigade of the See also:Pennsylvania Reserves in the Army of the See also:Potomac under General M'See also:Call. He served in the Seven Days, receiving a severe See also:wound at the See also:action of Frazier's See also:Farm. He was absent from his command until the second See also:battle of See also:Bull Run, after which he obtained the command of his See also:division. He distinguished himself greatly at the battles of See also:South See also:Mountain and See also:Antietam. At Fredericksburg he and his division won See also:great distinction by their attack on the position held by See also:Jackson's corps, and Meade was promoted See also:major-general of volunteers, to date from the 29th of See also:November.

Soon afterwards he was placed in command of the V. corps. At See also:

Chancellorsville he displayed great intrepidity and See also:energy, and on the See also:eve of the battle of See also:Gettysburg was appointed to succeed See also:Hooker. The choice was unexpected, but Meade justified it by his conduct of the operations, and in the famous three days' battle he inflicted a See also:complete defeat on General See also:Lee's army. His See also:reward was the See also:commission of brigadier-general in the See also:regular army. In the autumn of 1863 a war of manceuvre was fought between the two commanders, on the whole favourably to the See also:Union arms. See also:Grant, commanding all the armies of the United States, joined the Army of the Potomac in the See also:spring of 1864, and remained with it until the end of the war; but he continued Meade in his command, and successfully urged his See also:appointment as ' major-general in the regular army (Aug. 18, 1864), eulogizing him as the See also:commander who had successfully met and defeated the best general and the strongest army on the Confederate See also:side. After the war Meade commanded successively the military division of the See also:Atlantic, the department of the See also:east, the third military See also:district (See also:Georgia and See also:Alabama) and the department of the south. He died at See also:Philadelphia on the 6th of November, 1872. The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Harvard University, and his scientific attainments were recognized by the American Philosophical Society and the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. There are .statues of General Meade in Philadelphia and at Gettysburg. See I.

R. Pennypacker, General Meade (" Great Commanders " See also:

series, New See also:York, 1901).

End of Article: MEADE, GEORGE GORDON (1815—1872)

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