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ROSECRANS, WILLIAM STARKE (1819-1898)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 734 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ROSECRANS, See also:WILLIAM STARKE (1819-1898) , See also:American soldier, was See also:born in See also:Kingston, See also:Ohio, on the 6th of See also:September 1819, and graduated in 1842 from the U.S. Military See also:Academy, being appointed to the See also:engineers. After serving (1843-47) as assistant See also:professor at See also:West Point, and in fort construction, he resigned (See also:April 1854) from the See also:army and went into business in See also:Cincinnati. On the outbreak of the See also:Civil See also:War Rosecrans volunteered for service under McClellan and helped raise the Ohio "See also:Home See also:Guards," with which he served in the West Virginian operations of 1861 in the See also:rank of brigadier-See also:general. He was second in command to McClellan during this See also:campaign, and succeeded to the command when that officer was called to See also:Washington. In the latter See also:part of 1861 Rosecrans conducted further operations in the same region with See also:great skill and success, and See also:early In 1862 he was transferred to the West as a See also:major-general of See also:volunteers. He took part in the operations against See also:Corinth, and when General See also:John See also:Pope was ordered to See also:Virginia, Rosecrans took over command of the Army of the See also:Mississippi with which he fought the successful battles of luka and Corinth. Soon after-wards he was ordered to replace D. C. See also:Buell in command of the forces, renamed the Army of the See also:Cumberland about the same See also:time. In See also:December he advanced against General Braxton See also:Bragg, and on the 31st of December to the 3rd of See also:January was fought the bloody and indecisive See also:battle of See also:Stone See also:River (See also:Murfreesboro), after which Bragg withdrew his army to the southward. In 1863 Rosecrans, refusing to advance until the See also:isolation of See also:Vicksburg (farther west) was assured, did not take the offensive until See also:late in See also:June.

The operations thus begun were most skilfully conducted, and Bragg was forced back to See also:

Chattanooga (q.v.), whence he had to retire on being once more outmanceuvred. But Rosecrans sustained a great defeat at the battle of Chickamauga (q.v.), and was soon besieged in Chattanooga. He was then relieved from his command. Later he did See also:good service in See also:Missouri, and in See also:March 1865 he was made See also:brevet major-general U.S.A. He resigned in 1867, and in the following See also:year became See also:minister to See also:Mexico. Subsequently he was engaged in many railway and See also:industrial enterprises in that See also:country, as also in See also:California. He was a representative in See also:Congress from California, 1881-85, and See also:register of the See also:treasury, 1885-93. Under an See also:act of Congress he was on the 2nd of March 1889 restored to the rank of brigadier-general, and retired. He died near Redondo, Cal., on the 11th of March 1898. On the 17th of May 1902 his See also:body was reinterred with military honours in the See also:National See also:Cemetery at See also:Arlington, in the presence of See also:President See also:Roosevelt, members of the See also:cabinet and many of his campaigning comrades.

End of Article: ROSECRANS, WILLIAM STARKE (1819-1898)

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