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BRAGG, BRAXTON (1817—1876)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 376 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BRAGG, BRAXTON (1817—1876) , See also:American soldier, was See also:born in See also:Warren See also:county, See also:North Carolina, on the 22nd of See also:March 1817. He graduated at the See also:United States military See also:academy in 1837, and as an See also:artillery officer served in the See also:Seminole See also:wars of 1837 and 1841, and under See also:General See also:Taylor in See also:Mexico. For gallant conduct at Fort See also:Brown, See also:Monterey and Buena Vista, he received the brevets of See also:captain, See also:major and See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel. He resigned from the See also:regular See also:army on the 3rd of See also:January 1856, and retired to his See also:plantation in See also:Louisiana. From 1859 to 1861 he was See also:commissioner of the See also:board of public See also:works of the See also:state. When in 1861 the See also:Civil See also:War began, Bragg was made a brigadier-general in the Confederate service, and assigned to command at See also:Pensacola. In See also:February 1862, having meanwhile become major-general, he took up a command in the Army of the See also:Mississippi, and he was See also:present at the See also:battle of See also:Shiloh (See also:April). The vacancy created by the See also:death of See also:Sidney See also:Johnston at that battle was filled by the promotion of Bragg to full general's See also:rank, and he succeeded General See also:Beauregard when that officer retired from the Western command. In the autumn of 1862 he led a bold advance from Eastern See also:Tennessee across See also:Kentucky to See also:Louisville, but after temporary successes he was forced to retire before See also:Buell, and after the battle of See also:Perryville (8th See also:October) retired into Tennessee. Though the material results of his See also:campaign were considerable, he was bitterly censured, and his removal from his command was urged. But the See also:personal favour of See also:Jefferson See also:Davis kept him, as it had placed him, at the See also:head of the central army, and on the 31st of See also:December 1862 and 2nd of January 1863 he fought the indecisive battle of See also:Murfreesboro (or See also:Stone See also:river) against See also:Rosecrans, Buell's successor. In the campaign of 1863 Rosecrans constantly outmanoeuvred the See also:Con-federates, and forced them back to the border of See also:Georgia.

Bragg, however, inflicted a crushing defeat on his opponent at Chickamauga (See also:

September 19—20) and for a See also:time besieged the See also:Union forces in See also:Chattanooga. But enormous forces under See also:Grant were concentrated upon the threatened spot, and the See also:great battle of Chattanooga (See also:November 23—25) ended in the rout of the Confederates. Bragg was now deprived of his command, but See also:President Davis made him his military adviser, and in that capacity he served during 1864. In the autumn of that See also:year he led an inferior force from North Carolina to Georgia to oppose See also:Sherman's march. In February 1865 he joined Johnston, and he was thus included in the surrender of that officer to Sherman. After the war he became See also:chief engineer to the state of See also:Alabama, and supervised improvements in See also:Mobile See also:harbour. He died suddenly at See also:Galveston, See also:Texas, on the 27th of September 1876. General Bragg, in spite of his want of success, was unquestionably a brave and skilful officer. But he was a severe See also:martinet, and rarely in full See also:accord with the See also:senior See also:officers under his orders, the consequent See also:friction often acting unfavourably on the conduct of the operations. His See also:brother, See also:THOMAS BRAGG (1810-1872), was See also:governor of North Carolina 1855—1859, U.S. senator 1859—1861, and See also:attorney-general in the Confederate See also:cabinet from Nov. 1861 to March 186i.

End of Article: BRAGG, BRAXTON (1817—1876)

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