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See also:BRAGANZA (Braganca) , the See also:capital of an administrative See also:district formerly included in the See also:province of Traz-os-Montes, See also:Portugal; situated in the See also:north-eastern extremity of the See also:kingdom, on a See also:branch of the See also:river Sabor, 8 m. S. of the See also:Spanish frontier. Pop. (1900) 5535. Braganza is an episcopal See also:city. It consists of a walled upper See also:town, containing the See also:cathedral See also:college and See also:hospital, and of a See also:lower or See also:modern town. Large tracts of the surrounding See also:country are uncultivated, partly because railway communication is lacking and the roads are See also:bad. Except farming, the See also:chief See also:local See also:industry is silkworm-rearing and the manufacture of See also:silk. The administrative district of Braganza coincides with the eastern See also:part of Traz-os-Montes (q.v.). Pop. (1900) 185,162; See also:area, 2513 sq. m.
The city gave its name to the See also:family of Braganza, members of which were rulers of Portugal from 164o to 1853, and emperors of See also:Brazil from 1822 to 1889. This family is descended from See also:Alphonso (d. 1461), a natural son of See also:John I., See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of Portugal (d. 1433), who was a natural son of King See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter I., and consequently belonged to the Portuguese branch of the Capetian family. Alphonso was made See also:duke of Braganza in 1442, and in 1483 his See also:grandson, Duke See also:Ferdinand II., lost his See also:life through heading an insurrection against King John II. In spite of this Ferdinand's descendants acquired See also:great See also:wealth, and several of them held high See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office under the See also:kings of Portugal. Duke John I. (d. 1583) married into the royal family, and when King See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry II. died without See also:direct heirs in 1580, he claimed the See also:crown of Portugal in opposition to See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip II. of See also:Spain. John, however, was unsuccessful, but, when the Portuguese threw off the Spanish dominion in 164o, his grandson, John II., duke of Braganza, became king as John IV. In 1807, when See also:Napoleon declared the See also:throne of Portugal vacant, King John VI. fled to Brazil; but he regained his See also:inheritance after the fall of Napoleon in 1814, although he did not return to See also:Europe until 1821, when he See also:left his See also:elder son Peter to govern Brazil. In 1822 a revolution established the See also:independence of Brazil with Peter as See also:emperor. In 1826 Peter became king of Portugal on the See also:death of his See also:father; but he at once resigned the crown to his See also:young daughter Maria, and appointed his See also:brother See also:Miguel to See also:act as See also:regent. Miguel soon declared himself king, but after a stubborn struggle was driven from the country in 1833, after which Maria became See also:queen. Maria married for her second See also:husband Ferdinand (d. 1851), son of See also:Francis, duke of See also:Saxe-See also:Coburg; and when she died in 1853 the See also:main Portuguese branch of the family became See also:extinct. Maria was succeeded by her son See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis I., father of See also:Charles I., who ascended the throne of Portugal in 1889. The See also:empire of Brazil descended on the death of Peter I. to his son Peter II., who was expelled from the country in 1889. When Peter died in 1891 this branch of the family also became extinctin the male See also:line. His only See also:child, See also:Isabella, married Louis Gaston of See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans, See also:count of Eu. The exiled king, Miguel, founded a branch of the family of Braganza which settled in See also:Bavaria, and various See also:noble families in Portugal are descended from cadets of this See also:house. The See also:title of duke of Braganza is now See also:borne by the eldest son of the king of Portugal.
End of Article: BRAGANZA (Braganca)
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