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See also:SHILOH, See also:BATTLE OF . This, the second See also:great battle in the See also:American See also:Civil See also:War, also called the battle of See also:Pittsburg Landing, was fought on the 6th-7th of See also:April 1862 between the See also:Union forces under See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
Grant and See also:Buell and the Confederates under A. S. See also:Johnston and See also:Beauregard. In view of operations against See also:Corinth, See also:Mississippi, Grant's See also:army had ascended the See also:Tennessee to Pittsburg Landing and there disembarked, while the co-operating army under Buell moved across See also:country from See also:Nashville to join it. The Confederates concentrated above 40,000 men at Corinth and advanced on Pittsburg Landing with a view to beating Grant before Buell's arrival, but their concentration had See also:left them only a narrow margin of See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, and the advance was further delayed by the wretched See also:condition of the roads. Beauregard advised Johnston to give up the enterprise, but on See also:account of the See also:bad effect a See also:retreat would have on his raw troops Johnston resolved to continue his advance. Grant meantime had disposed his divisions in camps around the Landing rather with a view to their comfort than in accordance with any See also:tactical See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme. No entrenchments were made; HalIeck, the Union commanding See also:general in the See also:West, was equally over-confident, and allowed Buell to See also:march in leisurely See also:fashion. Even so, more by See also:chance than ' intentionally, Buell's leading See also:division was opposite the Landing, awaiting only a See also:ferry, on the evening before the battle; Grant, however, declined to allow it to See also:cross, as he thought that there would be no fighting for some days. At 6 A.M. on the 6th of April, near Shiloh See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church (2 M. from Pittsburg Landing), the Confederate army deployed in See also:line of battle, and advancing dire,ctly on the Landing, surprised and See also:broke up a See also:brigade of the. most advanced Union division (Prentiss's) which had been sent forward from See also:camp to reconnoitre. The various Union divisions hurriedly prepared to defend themselves, but they were dispersed in several camps which were out of sight of one another, and thus the Confederate army lapped See also:round the flanks of each See also:local See also:defence as it encountered it. The two advanced divisions were swiftly driven in on the others, who were given a little time to prepare themselves by the fact that in the See also:woods the Confederate leaders were unable to See also:control or manoeuvre their excited troops. But the See also:rear Union divisions, though ready, were not connected, and each in turn was isolated and forced back, fighting hard, towards the Landing. The remnant of Prentiss's division was cut off and forced to surrender. Another division had its See also:commander, W. H. L. See also:Wallace, killed. But on the other See also:side the disorder became greater and greater, many regiments were used up, and Johnston himself killed in vainly attacking on a point of Wallace's line called the Hornet's See also:Nest. The See also:day passed in confused and See also:savage scuffles between the raw enthusiasts of either side, but by 5.30 P.M. Grant had formed a last (and now a connected) line of defence with Buell's leading division (See also:Nelson's) and all of his own See also:infantry that he could rally. This line was
hardly 600 yds. from the Landing, but it was in a naturally strong position, and Beauregard suspended the attack at sunset. There was a last fruitless See also:assault, delivered by some of the Confederate brigades on the right that had not received Beau-regard's See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order against Nelson's intact troops, who were supported by the See also:fire of the gunboats on the Tennessee. During the See also:night Grant's detached division (Lew Wallace's) and Buell's army came up, totalling 25,000 fresh troops, and at 5 A.M. on the 7th Grant took the offensive. Beauregard thereupon decided to extricate his sorely-tried troops from the misadventure, and retired fighting on Corinth. About Shiloh Church, a strong rearguard under See also:Bragg repulsed the attacks of Grant and Buell for six See also:hours before withdrawing, and all that Grant and Buell achieved was the reoccupation of the abandoned camps. It was a See also:Con-federate failure, but not a Union victory, and, each side being weakened by about ro,000 men, neither made any movements for the next three See also:weeks.
End of Article: SHILOH, BATTLE OF
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