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PREPARATION OF CLOTH FOR

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 698 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PREPARATION OF See also:

CLOTH FOR See also:PRINTING Goods intended for See also:calico-printing ought to be exceptionally well bleached, otherwise mysterious stains, and other serious defects, are certain to arise during subsequent operations. Particulars of See also:bleaching will be found in the See also:article BLEACHING (q.v.). The chemical preparations used for See also:special styles will be mentioned in their proper places; but a See also:general " prepare," employed for most See also:colours that are See also:developed and fixed by steaming only, consists in passing the bleached calico through a weak See also:solution of " sulphated " or See also:turkey red oil containing from 2 per cent. to 5 per cent. of fatty See also:acid. Some colours are printed on pure bleached cloth, but all patterns containing alizarine red, See also:rose and See also:salmon shades, are considerably brightened by the presence of oil, and indeed very few, if any, colours are detrimentally affected by it. Apart from wet preparations the cloth has always to be brushed, to See also:free it from loose See also:nap, flocks and dust which it picks up whilst stored. Frequently, too, it has to be " sheared " by being passed over rapidly revolving knives arranged spirally See also:round an See also:axle, which rapidly and effectually cuts off all filaments and knots, leaving the cloth perfectly smooth and clean and in a See also:condition See also:fit to receive impressions of the most delicate See also:engraving. Some figured fabrics, especially those See also:woven in checks, stripes and " See also:cross-overs," require very careful stretching and straightening on a special See also:machine, known as a " stenter," before they can be printed with certain formal styles of See also:pattern which are intended in one way or another to correspond with the cloth pattern. Finally, all descriptions of cloth are See also:wound round hollow wooden or See also:iron centres into rolls of convenient See also:size for mounting on the printing See also:machines.

End of Article: PREPARATION OF CLOTH FOR

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