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TWILIGHT

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 492 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TWILIGHT , formerly known as Crepusculum (a Latin word meaning dusky or obscure), properly the See also:

interval during which the See also:atmosphere is illuminated after the setting of the See also:sun. The analogous phenomenon in the See also:morning, i.e. the interval between the first See also:appearance of See also:light and the rising of the sun, is known as the See also:dawn. These phenomena are due to the light of the sun after See also:refraction by the atmosphere being reflected to the observer by the clouds, dust, and other See also:adventitious See also:matter See also:present in the atmosphere. Even in the See also:early See also:infancy of See also:astronomy, the duration of twilight was associated with the position of the sun below the See also:horizon, and measurements were made to determine the maximum See also:vertical depression of the sun which admitted the phenomena. This was found by See also:Alhazen, Tycho See also:Brahe and others, to be about 18°, and although other observers obtained somewhat different values, yet this value is now generally admitted. The duration of twilight is therefore measured by the See also:time in which the sun traverses an arc of r8° of vertical depression, and primarily depends on the See also:latitude of the observer and the See also:declination of the sun. It is subject to several See also:minor See also:variations, occasioned by the variable amount of dust, clouds, &c. suspended in the See also:air; and also on the temperature, which alters the See also:altitude of the reflecting particles; thus at the same See also:place and on the same See also:day, the morning twilight or dawn is generally shorter than the evening twilight. The duration and possibility of twilight may be geometrically exhibited as follows : Let 0 be the position of the observer (fig.

End of Article: TWILIGHT

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