- reoccur (v.)
- also re-occur, 1803; see re- + occur. Related: Reoccurred; reoccurring.
- reoccurrence (n.)
- also re-occurrence, 1804, from re- "again" + occurrence.
- reopen (v.)
- 1733 (transitive), from re- "again" + open (v.). Intransitive sense from 1830. Related: Reopened; reopening.
- reorder (v.)
- also re-order, c. 1600, "to set in order again," from re- + order (v.). From 1810 as "repeat an order." Related: Reordered; reordering.
- reorganization (n.)
- also re-organization, 1801, in translations from French, noun of action from reorganize.
- reorganize (v.)
- also re-organize, 1680s, from re- "again" + organize (v.). Related: Reorganized; reorganizing.
- reorient (v.)
- also re-orient, 1897 (transitive), 1937 (intransitive), from re- "back, again" + orient (v.). Related: Reoriented; reorienting. Alternative reorientate also is recorded from 1913.
- reorientation (n.)
- also re-orientation, 1893, from re- + orientation.
- reovirus (n.)
- 1959, coined by U.S. medical researcher Dr. Albert B. Sabin (1906-1993), acronym for respiratory enteric orphan virus; "orphan" because it was not connected to any of the diseases it is associated with.
- rep
- 1705 as abbreviation of reputation (n.); upon rep "I swear it" was a common 18c. slang asseveration. As a shortening of repetition (n.) it is recorded from 1864, originally school slang; as a shortening of representative (n.), especially "sales representative," it is attested from 1896. As an abbreviation of repertory (company) it is recorded from 1925.
- repaint (v.)
- 1700, from re- + paint (v). Related: Repainted; repainting.
- repair (v.1)
- "to mend, to put back in order," mid-14c., from Old French reparer "repair, mend" (12c.), from Latin reparare "restore, put back in order," from re- "again" (see re-) + parare "make ready, prepare" (see pare). Related: Repaired; repairing.
- repair (v.2)
- "go" (to a place), c. 1300, from Old French repairer "to frequent, return (to one's country)," earlier repadrer, from Late Latin repatriare "return to one's own country" (see repatriate). Related: Repaired; repairing.
- repair (n.)
- 1590s, "act of restoring, restoration after decay," from repair (v.1). Meaning "state or condition in respect to reparation" is from c. 1600.
- repairable (adj.)
- "able to be fixed," late 15c., from repair (v.1) + -able.
- reparable (adj.)
- 1560s, from Middle French reparable (16c.), from Latin reparabilis "able to be restored or regained," from reparare "restore" (see repair (v.1)).
- reparation (n.)
- late 14c., "reconciliation," from Old French reparacion and directly from Late Latin reparationem (nominative reparatio) "act of repairing, restoration," noun of action from past participle stem of Latin reparare "restore, repair" (see repair (v.1)). Meaning "act of repairing or mending" is attested from c. 1400. Reparations "compensation for war damaged owed by the aggressor" is attested from 1921, with reference to Germany, from French réparations (1919).
- repart (v.)
- 1570s, "divide up," from re- + part (v.). Related: Reparted; reparting.
- repartee (n.)
- 1640s, "quick remark," from French repartie "an answering blow or thrust" (originally a fencing term), noun use of fem. past participle of Old French repartir "to reply promptly, start out again," from re- "back" (see re-) + partir "to part, depart, start" (see part (n.)). In 17c. often spelled reparty (see -ee). Meaning "a series of sharp rejoinders exchanged" is from 1680s.
- repass (v.)
- mid-15c., "pass again in returning," from Old French repasser; see re- "again" + pass (v.). Related: Repassed; repassing.
- repassage (n.)
- early 15c., from Old French repassage; see re- + passage.
- repast (n.)
- late 14c., from Old French repast (Modern Frech repas) "a meal, food," from Late Latin repastus "meal" (also source of Spanish repasto, noun use of past participle of repascere "to feed again," from Latin re- "repeatedly" (see re-) + pascere "to graze" (see pastor). The verb (intransitive) is from late 15c.
- repatriate (v.)
- 1610s, from Late Latin repatriatus, past participle of repatriare "return to one's country" (see repatriation). Related: Repatriated; repatriating.
- repatriation (n.)
- 1590s, from Late Latin reparationem (nominative repatriatio), noun of action from past participle stem of repatriare "return to one's own country," from Latin re- "back" (see re-) + patria "native land" (see patriot).
- repay (v.)
- mid-15c., from Old French repaier "pay back, give in return," from re- "back" (see re-) + payer "to pay" (see pay (v.)). Related: Repaid; repaying.
- repayment (n.)
- late 15c., from re- + payment.
- repayment (n.)
- early 15c., from re- + payment.
- repeal (v.)
- late 14c., from Anglo-French repeler, Old French rapeler "call back, call in, call after, revoke" (Modern French rappeler), from re- "back" (see re-) + apeler "to call" (see appeal (v.)). Related: Repealed; repealing.
- repeal (n.)
- late 15c., from repeal (v.), or from Anglo-French repel, Old French rapel (Modern French rappel) "a recall appeal," back-formation from rapeler.
- repeat (v.)
- late 14c., "to say what one has already said," from Old French repeter "say or do again, get back, demand the return of" (13c., Modern French répéeter), from Latin repetere "do or say again; attack again," from re- "again" (see re-) + petere "to go to; attack; strive after; ask for, beseech" (see petition (n.)).
Meaning "say what another has said" is from 1590s. As an emphatic word in radio broadcasts, 1938. Meaning "do over again" is from 1550s; specific meaning "to take a course of education over again" is recorded from 1945, American English. Related: Repeated; repeating.
- repeat (n.)
- mid-15c., of music passages, from repeat (v.). From 1937 of broadcasts.
- repeated (adj.)
- "frequent," 1610s, past participle adjective from repeat (v.). Related: Repeatedly.
- repeater (n.)
- 1570s, agent noun from repeat (v.). As a type of firearm from 1849; as "a frequent offender" from 1868.
- repel (v.)
- early 15c., "to drive away, remove," from Old French repeller or directly from Latin repellere "to drive back," from re- "back" (see re-) + pellere "to drive, strike" (see pulse (n.1)). Meaning "to affect (a person) with distaste or aversion" is from 1817. Related: Repelled; repelling.
- repellent (adj.)
- also repellant, 1640s, from Latin repellentem (nominative repelens), present participle of repellere (see repel). Originally of medicines (that reduced tumors); meaning "distasteful, disagreeable" first recorded 1797.
- repellent (n.)
- also repellant, 1660s, "medicine that reduces tumors," from repellent (adj.). As "substance that repels insects," 1908.
- repent (v.)
- c. 1300, "to feel such regret for sins or crimes as produces amendment of life," from Old French repentir (11c.), from re-, here probably an intensive prefix (see re-), + Vulgar Latin *penitire "to regret," from Latin poenitire "make sorry," from poena (see penal). The distinction between regret (q.v.) and repent is made in many modern languages, but the differentiation is not present in older periods. Also from c. 1300 in Middle English and after in an impersonal reflexive sense, especially as (it) repenteth (me, him, etc.).
And it repented the LORD that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart.
[Gen. vi:6, KJV, 1611]
Related: Repented; repenting.
- repentance (n.)
- c. 1300, from Old French repentance "penitence" (12c.), from present participle stem of repentir (see repent).
Repentance goes beyond feeling to express distinct purposes of turning from sin to righteousness; the Bible word most often translated repentance means a change of mental and spiritual attitude toward sin. [Century Dictionary]
- repentant (adj.)
- early 13c., from Old French repentant "penitent" (12c.), present participle of repentir (see repent).
- repercussion (n.)
- early 15c., "act of driving back," from Middle French répercussion (14c.) or directly from Latin repercusionem (nominative repercussio), from past participle stem of repercutere "to strike or beat back; shine back, reflect; echo," from re- "back" (see re-) + percutere "to strike or thrust through" (see percussion). Meaning "reverberation, echo" first recorded 1590s; the metaphoric extension is recorded from 1620s.
- repercussive (adj.)
- c. 1400, from Middle French repercussif, from Latin repercuss-, past participle stem of repercutere (see repercussion). Related: Repercussively; repercussiveness.
- repertoire (n.)
- "a stock of plays, songs, etc., which a performer or company has studied and is ready to perform," 1847, from French répertoire, literally "index, list" (14c.), from Late Latin repertorium "inventory" (see repertory).
- repertory (n.)
- 1550s, "an index, list, catalogue," from Late Latin repertorium "inventory, list," from Latin repertus, past participle of reperire "to find, get, invent," from re-, intensive prefix (see re-), + parire, archaic form of paerere "produce, bring forth," from PIE root *pere- (1) "to bring forth" (see pare). Meaning "list of performances" is first recorded 1845, from similar use of French repertoire; repertory theater is attested from 1896. Related: Repertorial.
- repetition (n.)
- early 15c., "act of saying over again," from Old French repetition and directly from Latin repetitionem (nominative repetitio) "a repeating," noun of action from past participle stem of repetere "do or say again" (see repeat (v.)). Of actions, attested from 1590s; specifically in physical fitness from 1958.
- repetitious (adj.)
- "employing repetition," often with suggestions of tiresomeness, 1670s, from Latin repetit-, past participle stem of repetere "do or say again" (see repeat (v.)) + -ous. Related: Repetitiously; repetitiousness.
- repetitive (adj.)
- 1805, from Latin repetit-, past participle stem of repetere "do or say again" (see repeat (v.)) + -ive. Related: Repetitively; repetitiveness.
- rephrase (v.)
- 1872, from re- "again" + phrase (v.). Related: Rephrased; rephrasing.
- repine (v.)
- "to be fretfully discontented," mid-15c., probably from re-, here likely an intensive prefix, + pine (v.) "yearn." Related: Repined; repining.
- replace (v.)
- 1590s, "to restore to a previous place or position," from re- "back, again" + place (v.). Meaning "to take the place of" is recorded from 1753; that of "to fill the place of (with something else)" is from 1765. Related: Replaced; replacing.
- replaceable (adj.)
- 1799, from replace (v.) + -able. Related: Replaceability.