1690s, from gold (adj.) + fish (n.). The fish were introduced into England from China, where they are native. A type of carp, they are naturally a dull olive color; the rich colors (also red, black, silver) are obtained by selective breeding. Goldfish bowl, figurative of a situation of no privacy, was in use by 1935.
gold-digger
gold-dust
golden
goldenrod
goldfinch
goldfish
Goldilocks
gold-leaf
gold-mine
goldsmith
Goldwynism