Old English godnes "goodness, virtue, kindliness;" see good (adj.) + -ness. In exclamations from 1610s as a term of emphasis, first recorded in for goodnesse sake, i.e. "as you trust in the divine goodness" (i.e., God).
good-looking
goodly
goodman
good-natured
good-neighbor
goodness
good-night
goods
good-time
goodwife
goody