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lithology (n.)

"the study of rock-formation," a branch of geology, 1716, from Modern Latin lithologia, from litho- "rock" + -logia "study of" (see -logy). Related: Lithologic; lithologically; lithologist.

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Definitions of lithology from WordNet

lithology (n.)
the branch of geology that studies rocks: their origin and formation and mineral composition and classification;
Synonyms: petrology
From wordnet.princeton.edu