"a wrong or faulty division," 1835, from mis- (1) "bad, wrong" + division. Or perhaps a back-formation from misdivide, which is attested by 1827. Related: Misdivided; misdividing. For examples of the thing, see N.
misdiagnose
misdiagnosis
misdial
misdirect
misdirection
misdivision
misdo
misdoing
misdoubt
mise en scene
miseducate
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