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nickname (n.)

mid-15c., neke name, a misdivision of ekename (c. 1300), an eke name, "a familiar or diminutive name," especially one given in derision or reproach, literally "an additional name," from Old English eaca "an increase," related to eacian "to increase" (cognate with Old Norse auka-nefi, auknafn, Swedish öknamn, Danish ögenavn; see eke; also see N). As a verb, "to give a nickname to," from 1530s. Related: Nicknamed; nicknaming.

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Definitions of nickname from WordNet
1
nickname (n.)
a familiar name for a person (often a shortened version of a person's given name);
Henry's nickname was Slim
Joe's mother would not use his nickname and always called him Joseph
Synonyms: moniker / cognomen / sobriquet / soubriquet / byname
nickname (n.)
a descriptive name for a place or thing;
the nickname for the U.S. Constitution is `Old Ironsides'
2
nickname (v.)
give a nickname to;
Synonyms: dub
From wordnet.princeton.edu