1640s, "companion in play or amusement, playfellow," from play (v.) + mate (n.). The sexual sense is from 1954 and the launch of "Playboy" magazine. The earlier word was Middle English playfere (also playfeer, playpheer) with obsolete fere "companion."
playfellow
playful
playground
playhouse
play-list
playmate
play-pen
plaything
play-time
playwright
plaza