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pneumothorax (n.)

"presence of air in the pleural cavity," 1821, from French pneumothorax (1803), coined by French physician Jean Marc Gaspard Itard (1774-1838) from Greek pneumon "lung" (see pneumo-) + thorax.

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Definitions of pneumothorax from WordNet

pneumothorax (n.)
abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung; may be spontaneous (due to injury to the chest) or induced (as a treatment for tuberculosis);
From wordnet.princeton.edu