also rough-neck, 1836, "rugged individual," from rough (adj.) + neck (n.). Original context is the Texas frontier, later adpoted to labor organization toughs. Specific sense of "oil rig worker" is recorded from 1917. Compare redneck.
roughage
roughen
rough-hewn
rough-house
roughly
roughneck
roughness
roughshod
roulette
round
round robin