1810, from Modern Latin substratum, noun use of neuter singular past participle of Latin substernere "to spread underneath," from sub "under, below, beneath" (see sub-) + sternere "to spread out, lay down, stretch out," from nasalized form of PIE root *stere- "to spread."
the gardener talked about the proper substrate for acid-loving plants
the Celtic languages of Britain are a substrate for English
substantive
substation
substitute
substitution
substract
substrate
substratum
substructure
subsume
subtend
subterfuge