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FAKHR

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 136 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FAKHR UD-D!N RAZI (1149-1209), Arabian historian and theologian, was the son of a preacher, himself a writer, and was See also:

born at Rai (Rei, Rhagae), near Tehran, where he received his earliest training. Here and at See also:Maragha, whither he followed his teacher Majd ud-Din ul-Jill, he studied See also:philosophy and See also:theology. He was a Shafi'ite in See also:law and a follower of Ash`See also:arI (q.v.) in theology, and became renowned as a defender of orthodoxy. During a See also:journey in Khwarizm and Mawara'l-nahr he preached both in See also:Persian and Arabic against the sects of See also:Islam. After this tour he returned to his native See also:city, but settled later in See also:Herat, where he died. His dogmatic positions may be seen from his See also:work Kitab ul-Muhassal, which is analysed by Schmolders in his Essai sur See also:les 'See also:kola philosophiques chez les Arabes (See also:Paris, 1842). Extracts from his See also:History of the Dynasties were published by Jourdain in the Fundgruben See also:des Orients (vol. v.), and by D. R. Heinzius (St See also:Petersburg, 1828). His greatest work is the Mats-ails ul-Ghaib (" The Keys of See also:Mystery "), an extensive commentary on the See also:Koran published at See also:Cairo (8 vols., 1890) and elsewhere; it is specially full in its exposition of Ash'arite theology and its use of See also:early and See also:late Mu'tazilite writings. For an See also:account of his See also:life see F. Wiistenfeld's Geschichte der arabischen Arzte, No.

200 (See also:

Gottingen, 1S4o); for a See also:list of his See also:works cf. C. Brockelmann's Gesch. der arabischen Literatur, vol. r (See also:Weimar, 1898), pp. 506 if. An account of his teaching is given by M. Schreiner in the Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft (vol. 52, PP. 505 ff.). (G. W.

End of Article: FAKHR

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