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VIRBIUS , an old See also:Italian divinity, associated with the See also:worship of See also:Diana at See also:Aricia (see DIANA). Under See also:Greek See also:influence, he was identified with See also:Hippolytus (q.v.), who after he had been trampled to See also:death by the horses of See also:Poseidon was restored to See also:life by Asclepius and removed by See also:Artemis to the See also:grove at Aricia, which horses were not allowed to enter. Virbius was the See also:oldest See also:priest of Diana, the first " See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of the grove " (Rex Nemorensis). He is said to have established the See also:rule that any See also:candidate for the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office should meet and slay in single combat its holder at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, who always went about armed with a See also:drawn See also:sword in anticipation of the struggle. Candidates had further to be fugitives (probably slaves), and as a preliminary had to break off a bough from a specified See also:- TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
- TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )
tree. By the See also:eponymous nymph Aricia, Virbius had a son of the same name, who fought on the See also:side of the Rutulian Turnus against See also:Aeneas. J. G. Frazer formerly held Virbius to be a See also:wood and tree spirit, to whom horses, in which See also:form tree See also:spirits were often represented, were offered in See also:sacrifice. His See also:identification with Hippolytus and the manner of the latter's death would explain the exclusion of horses from his grove. This spirit might easily be confounded with the See also:sun, whose See also:power was supposed to be stored up in the warmth-giving tree. Sauer (in See also:Roscher's Lexikon) also identifies
Hippolytus with the " See also:health-giving sun," and Virbius with a healing See also:god akin to Asclepius. Frazer's latest view is that he is the old cult See also:associate of Diana of Aricia (to whom he is related as See also:Attis to See also:Cybele or See also:Adonis to See also:Venus), the mythical predecessor or archetype of the See also:kings of the grove. This grove was probably an See also:oak grove, and the oak being sacred to See also:Jupiter, the king of the grove (and consequently Virbius) was a See also:local form of Jupiter. A. B. See also:Cook suggests that he may be the god of the stream of Nemi.
See See also:Virgil, Aen. vii. 761 and Servius, ad loc. ; See also:Ovid, See also:Fasti, iii. 265, vi. 737, Melton. xv. 497; Suetonius, Caligula, 35; See also:Strabo, v. p. 239; G. Wissowa, See also:Religion and Kultus der Romer (1902), according to whom Virbius was a divinity who assisted at childbirth (cp. the nizi di) ; J. G. Frazer, See also:Golden Bough (1900), ii. p. 313, iii. p. 456, and See also:Early See also:History of the Kingship (1905), pp. 24, 281; A. B. Cook in Classical See also:Review, xvi. p. 372.
End of Article: VIRBIUS
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