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2295 entries found
ruche (n.)
"frill," 1827, from French ruche, literally "beehive" (13c.), of Celtic origin (compare Breton rusken), from Proto-Celtic *rusca "bark." Related: Ruched; ruching.
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rucksack (n.)
1866, from German Rucksack, from Alpine dialect Rück "the back" (from German Rücken; see ridge) + Sack "sack" (see sack (n.1)).
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ruckus (n.)
1890, possibly a blend of ruction and rumpus.
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ruction (n.)
"disturbance," 1825, dialectal or colloquial, of unknown origin. Perhaps from eruption or an altered shortening of insurrection.
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rudder (n.)
mid-15c. alteration of Middle English rother, from Old English roðor "paddle, oar," from Proto-Germanic *rothru- (source also of Old Frisian roðer, Middle Low German roder, Middle Dutch roeder, Dutch roer, Old High German ruodar, German Ruder "oar"), from *ro- "steer" (from PIE root *ere- "to row") + suffix *-þra, used to form neutral names of tools.

Meaning "broad, flat piece of wood attached to the stern of a boat and guided by a tiller for use in steering" is from c. 1300. For shift of -th- to -d- compare burden (n.1), murder (n.); simultaneous but opposite to the movement that turned -d- to -th- in father (n.), etc.
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ruddock (n.)
"robin," late Old English rudduc, from rudu "red color," related to read "red" (from PIE root *reudh- "red, ruddy") + diminutive suffix.
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ruddy (adj.)
late Old English rudig "rubicund," probably from rudu "redness," related to read "red" (from PIE root *reudh- "red, ruddy"). As a British slang euphemism for bloody (q.v.), first recorded 1914. Related: Ruddiness.
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rude (adj.)
late 13c., "coarse, rough" (of surfaces), from Old French ruide (13c.) or directly from Latin rudis "rough, crude, unlearned," a word of uncertain etymology, related to rudus "rubble." The usual preferred derivation is that it is from the same source as Latin rufus "red" (see rufous) via a notion of raw ("red") meat, but de Vaan points out "there is not a shimmer of a meaning 'red' in rudis or in rudus 'rubble', so that the supposed shift from 'crude (meat)' > 'crude' rests in the air."

Sense of "ill-mannered, uncultured; uneducated, uncultured" is from mid-14c. Rude boy (also rudie, for short) in Jamaican slang is attested from 1967. Figurative phrase rude awakening is attested from 1895.
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rudely (adv.)
mid-14c., from rude (adj.) + -ly (2).
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rudesby (n.)

"insolent person," 1560s, mock surname from rude + -by, common place-name (and thus surname) ending element, as in Grimsby, Rigby. Similar formations in idlesby "lazy fellow" (1610s), sneaksby "paltry, sneaking fellow" (1570s), suresby (16c.), lewdsby (1590s), nimblesby (1610s).

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