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register (n.1)

late 14c., from Old French registre (13c.) and directly from Medieval Latin registrum, alteration of Late Latin regesta "list, matters recorded," noun use of Latin regesta, neuter plural of regestus, past participle of regerere "to record; retort," literally "to carry back, bring back" from re- "back" (see re-) + gerere "carry, bear" (see gest).

Also borrowed in Dutch, German, Swedish, Danish. Some senses influenced by association with Latin regere "to rule, to guide, to keep straight." Meaning in printing, "exact alignment of presswork" is from 1680s. Musical sense is from 1811, "compass or range of a voice or instrument," hence "series of tones of the same quality" (produced by a voice or instrument). Sense "device by which data is automatically recorded" is 1830, from the verb; hence Cash register (1875).

register (v.)

late 14c. (transitive), "enter in a listing," from Old French registrer "note down, include" (13c.) and directly from Medieval Latin registrare, from registrum (see register (n.)). Intransitive sense, of instruments, from 1797; of persons and feelings, "make an impression," from 1901. Meaning "to enter one's name in a list" for some purpose is from 1940. Related: Registered; registering. Registered nurse attested from 1879.

register (n.2)

"assistant court officer in administrative or routine function," 1530s, now chiefly U.S., alteration of registrar (q.v) due to influence of register.

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Definitions of register from WordNet
1
register (v.)
record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions;
register (v.)
record in a public office or in a court of law;
Synonyms: file
register (v.)
enroll to vote;
register for an election
register (v.)
be aware of;
Did you register any change when I pressed the button?
Synonyms: record
register (v.)
indicate a certain reading; of gauges and instruments;
Synonyms: read / show / record
register (v.)
have one's name listed as a candidate for several parties;
Synonyms: cross-file
register (v.)
show in one's face;
Her surprise did not register
register (v.)
manipulate the registers of an organ;
register (v.)
send by registered mail;
I'd like to register this letter
register (v.)
enter into someone's consciousness;
Did this event register in your parents' minds?
2
register (n.)
an official written record of names or events or transactions;
Synonyms: registry
register (n.)
(music) the timbre that is characteristic of a certain range and manner of production of the human voice or of different pipe organ stops or of different musical instruments;
register (n.)
a book in which names and transactions are listed;
register (n.)
(computer science) memory device that is the part of computer memory that has a specific address and that is used to hold information of a specific kind;
register (n.)
an air passage (usually in the floor or a wall of a room) for admitting or excluding heated air from the room;
register (n.)
a regulator (as a sliding plate) for regulating the flow of air into a furnace or other heating device;
register (n.)
a cashbox with an adding machine to register transactions; used in shops to add up the bill;
Synonyms: cash register
From wordnet.princeton.edu